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Scottish High Court of Justiciary Decisons |
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You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> Scottish High Court of Justiciary Decisons >> Watt v. Procurator Fiscal, Elgin [2007] ScotHC HCJAC_05 (12 January 2007) URL: http://www.bailii.org/scot/cases/ScotHC/2007/HCJAC_5.html Cite as: 2007 SCCR 70, 2007 SLT 464, [2007] HCJAC 05, [2007] ScotHC HCJAC_5, [2007] HCJAC 5, [2007] ScotHC HCJAC_05, 2007 GWD 6-87 |
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APPEAL COURT, HIGH COURT OF JUSTICIARY |
|
Lord Justice General
Lord Osborne
Lord Johnston
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[2007] HCJAC 5Appeal No: XJ956/05OPINION OF THE COURT delivered by THE LORD
JUSTICE GENERAL in APPEAL by STATED CASE by EDWARD WATT, Appellant; against THE PROCURATOR FISCAL, Respondent: _______ |
Act: Shead; Gilfedder & McInnes, Edinburgh
Alt: A. Mackay, A.D.; Crown Agent
[1] In March 2003
there was served on the appellant a summary complaint charging him with having
on
[4] The questions
posed by the sheriff were:
"(1) On
the argument presented ought I to have rejected the Devolution Minute? If not, was there a miscarriage of justice?
(2) Was
it unfair to proceed to trial in the absence of the CCTV tapes and if so ought
I to have found the Appellant Not Guilty?
(3) If
not, on the facts stated, was I entitled to convict?"
(It seems likely that there is a
clerical error in the first of these questions which ought properly to apply to
both Minutes).
Unqualified leave to appeal was granted by a single judge in
July 2005.
"1. The
Crown failed to disclose all relevant information to the defence before the
trial. In particular the Crown failed to
provide a copy of the relevant CCTV recording or at least a summary of its contents,
a record of the 999 call or a summary of its contents and the previous
convictions of the complainer Kenneth Russell.
The failure to do so deprived the appellant of the opportunity to
prepare and present his case to its proper extent. That being so in seeking conviction the Lord
Advocate, through the Procurator Fiscal, was acting incompatibly with the
appellant's right to a fair trial guaranteed by Article 6(1). Such an act was ultra vires. Reference is made to section 57(2) of the
Scotland Act 1998.
Separatim. Esto the Crown was unable to produce the
material referred to the appellant was nevertheless denied a fair trial because
he was prevented from presenting his defence to its proper extent. In seeking conviction the Lord Advocate,
through the Procurator Fiscal, was acting incompatibly with the appellant's
right to a fair trial guaranteed by Article 6(1). Such an act was ultra vires. Reference is made to section 57(2) of the
Scotland Act 1998.
Separatim, The failure to disclose the previous
convictions referred to was a failure which denied the appellant the fair trial
to which he was entitled. It is
understood that the complainer gave evidence which was apt to suggest that he
did not have a violent past. The
decision to seek a conviction in the circumstances was accordingly an act which
was incompatible with the right to a fair trial. Such an act was ultra vires. Reference is made to the preceding
paragraphs.
2. The
appellant was entitled to a fair trial.
It was the duty of the presiding Sheriff to ensure that the trial was
fair. In the circumstances referred to
he ought to have acquitted the appellant or at least deserted the trial
simpliciter.
3. The
appellant was denied his right to trial within a reasonable time guaranteed by
Article 6(1). In seeking conviction the
Lord Advocate, through the Procurator Fiscal, was acting incompatibly with the
right referred to. Such an act was ultra
vires. Reference is made to section
57(2) of the Scotland Act 1998.
4. The
Sheriff misdirected himself on the approach that should have been taken to the
devolution minutes before him. In the
stated case the Sheriff gives his reasons for refusing to entertain argument on
the merits of the minutes. Reference may
be made to pages 4 & 10. It is
submitted, that standing the importance of the issues raised in the minutes, it
was incumbent on the Sheriff to hear full argument to ensure that the appellant
had the fair trial to which he was entitled.
In any event it is submitted that the
Sheriff erred in the exercise of his discretion. Properly understood there was no good reason
why the Sheriff should have exercised his discretion against the interests of
the appellant.
5. In
any event the Sheriff erred in his consideration of the evidence and in
particular he failed to consider the defence case properly. By way of example he has failed to explain
how he approached the question of self defence by reference to the evidence led
which might have been apt to support the defence or at least raise a reasonable
doubt about the Crown case. In addition
he has not sought to explain how he was able to accept the evidence of the
complainers despite their having given statements to the police which were
inconsistent with the evidence given.
He makes reference to the fact that
the underpass was not on the appellant's route home despite there being no
evidence on which to make such a finding.
Separatim. The appellant is entitled to a reasoned
judgment. The observations of the
Sheriff do not suggest that he has applied his mind properly to this
requirement.
By way of example reference might be
made to page 10 of the stated case. In
dealing with the appellant's evidence the Sheriff made the following
observations:
'Had the Appellant impressed me more
perhaps I would have found for him, given that which had befallen the potential
evidence as it must might possibly have had some relevance.'
The only question for the Sheriff was
whether the appellant's evidence raised a reasonable doubt in his mind as to
his guilt on either or both charges.
Separatim. The way in which the stated case has been set
out does not suggest that the Sheriff has applied his mind properly to all the
evidence which was led.
Accordingly there has been a
miscarriage of justice."
[8] Section 175
of the Act provides that any person convicted on summary proceedings may, with
the leave of the court, appeal against his conviction. Section 182(3) provides that, "except by
leave of the court on cause shown, it shall not be competent for an appellant
to found any aspect of his appeal on a matter not contained in his application
under section 176(1) of the Act ... ". We
are prepared to treat the document headed "Grounds of Appeal" as if it were an
application for leave under section 182(3) and to grant that application in
respect of (1) the matter of the previous convictions of the (male) complainer
and (2) the matter as to whether the sheriff has provided a reasoned
judgment. Although neither of these is
reflected in a question in the stated case, that has not prevented the court on
occasion from disposing of an appeal in accordance with the interests of
justice (see, for example,
[9] In our view
it is clear that, where a case has been stated and there subsequently arise matters
upon which an appellant wishes to rely, he should promptly make an application
to the court under section 182(3) for the relevant leave. That should be done in writing in a document
headed "Application under Section 182(3) of the Criminal Procedure (