United Kingdom Statutory Instruments

"adversely" means, for the purpose of the definition of "derived version" an increase by more than 0.3dB to any one of the noise certification levels;

"aircraft type certificate" means a certificate indicating that the type of aircraft to which the certificate refers is acceptable for airworthiness certification;

"authorised person" means any constable and any person authorised by the CAA (whether by name or by class or description) either generally or in relation to a particular case or class of cases;

"derived version" means an aircraft which, from the point of view of airworthiness, is similar to the aircraft in respect of which a noise type certificate has been granted but incorporates changes in type design which may affect its noise characteristics adversely;

"jet aeroplane" means an aeroplane powered by turbo jet engines or turbo fan engines;

"Mierolight aeroplane" means an aeroplane designed to carry not more than two persons which has:

(a) a maximum total weight authorised not exceeding:


(i) 300 kg for a single seat landplane (or 390 kg for a single seat landplane in respect of which a United Kingdom permit to fly or certificate of airworthiness was in force prior to 1st January 2003),

(ii) 450 kg for a two seat landplane,

(iii) 330 kg for a single seat amphibian or floatplane, or

(iv) 495 kg for a two seat amphibian or floatplane; and



(b) either a wing loading at the maximum total weight authorised not exceeding 25 kg per square metre or a stalling speed at the maximum total weight authorised not exceeding 35 knots calibrated airspeed;

"noise certificate" means a certificate issued by the CAA in accordance with article 5 or a certificate or other document issued or validated in accordance with article 4;

"noise type certificate" means a certificate indicating that the type of aircraft to which the certificate refers is acceptable for noise certification;

"prescribed" means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State under this Order;

"rated output" has the meaning specified in Part I, Chapter 1 of Volume II of Annex 16;

"smoke" means the carbonaceous materials in exhaust emissions which obscure the transmission of light;

"subsonic aeroplane" means an aeroplane which is incapable of sustaining level flight at a speed in excess of flight mach 1.0;

"supersonic aeroplane" means an aeroplane which is capable of sustaining level flight at a speed in excess of flight mach 1.0;

(a) there is in force in respect of that aircraft a noise certificate:


(i) issued by the CAA in accordance with article 5; or

(ii) in the case of a microlight aeroplane:


(aa) issued or validated by the competent authority of the country in which the aircraft is registered, being an EEA State which applies standards which are substantially equivalent to those required for the issue of a noise certificate by the CAA; or

(bb) issued or validated by the competent authority of the country in which the aircraft is registered, being a country prescribed as one which applies standards which in the opinion of the Secretary of State are substantially equivalent to those required for the issue of a noise certificate by the CAA; or



(iii) (except in the case of a microlight aeroplane) issued or validated by the competent authority of the Contracting State in which the aircraft is registered in accordance with the Chicago Convention; and



(b) any conditions subject to which the certificate was issued or validated are complied with.

    (3) The foregoing prohibition shall not apply to:

(a) an aircraft flying in accordance with the "A Conditions" or the "B Conditions" set forth in Part A of Schedule 3 to the Air Navigation Order 2000; or

(b) an aircraft landing or taking-off at a prescribed place.

(a) every jet aircraft in respect of which a certificate of airworthiness was first issued on or after 18th February 1982; and

(b) every aircraft to which paragraph (1)(a) does not apply but which is powered by one or more than one turbojet engine or turbofan engine where the date of manufacture of any such engine was on or after 18th February 1982.

(a) use any noise certificate issued under this Order which has been revoked or suspended, or to which he is not entitled; or

(b) lend any such certificate to, or cause or permit it to be used by, any other person; or

(c) make any false representation for the purpose of procuring for himself or any other person the issue, renewal or variation of any such certificate or of emissions certification issued in accordance with article 11 of this Order.

(a) For microlight aeroplanes first registered in the United Kingdom or elsewhere before 1st April 1986 the maximum noise levels when determined in accordance with the noise evaluation method of the Appendix to this Schedule shall not exceed the following:


     Single seat microlight aeroplanes 80 L_AE (dB(A))

     Two seat microlight aeroplanes 84L_AE (dB(A))



(b) For microlight aeroplanes first registered in the United Kingdom or elsewhere on or after 1st April 1986 and before the date when this Order comes into force the maximum noise levels when determined in accordance with the noise evaluation method of the Appendix to this Schedule shall not exceed the following:



     Single seat microlight aeroplanes 76L_AE (dB(A))

     Two seat microlight aeroplanes 80L_AE (dB(A))



(c) For microlight aeroplanes first registered in the United Kingdom or elsewhere on or after the date this Order comes into force the maximum noise levels when determined in accordance with the noise evaluation method of the Appendix to this Schedule shall not exceed 80L_AE (dB(A)).

(a) noise certification test and measurement conditions;

(b) computation of the noise evaluation measure, L_AE;

(c) reporting of data to the CAA and correction of measured data.

     2. TEST PROCEDURES

     2.1 All flight test procedures used in demonstrating compliance with the noise certification requirements shall be consistent with the airworthiness certification basis of the aeroplane.

     2.2 The tests shall be carried out under the following atmospheric conditions:

(a) no precipitation;

(b) ambient temperature not above 35°C and not below 2°C at 1.2m above ground;

(c) relative humidity not higher than 95 per cent and not below 20 per cent at 1.2m above the ground;

(d) on a diagram of relative humidity plotted against temperature, combinations of relative humidity and temperature which fall below a straight line between (60 per cent, 2°C) and (20 per cent, 35°C) are unacceptable;

(e) reported wind speed, when measured at 1.2m above the ground, shall not exceed 19 km/hr (10 knots) and cross wind component shall not exceed 9 km/hr (5 knots). Flights shall be made in equal numbers with tail and head wind components;

(f) no temperature inversion or anomalous weather conditions that would significantly affect the noise levels of the microlight aeroplane observed at the specified measurement position.

     2.3.1 Subject to paragraph 2.3.2 the microlight aeroplane shall pass overhead the noise measurement position within ±10° of the vertical at a height of 150+10 -70 m (490+33 -230 ft).

     2.3.2 The CAA may, having regard to the poor definition, in some circumstances, of the noise field shape for microlight aeroplanes at 150m determine that the test be undertaken at a height of 100 +60 -20 m +197 -66 ft).

     2.4 Overflights shall be performed at stabilised speed in the cruise configuration, except that where the speed at take-off power would exceed the maximum speed authorised in level flight, climbing flight is acceptable.

     2.5 The maximum static propeller speed shall be measured using a device accurate to within ±1 per cent.

     2.6 When requested in advance by the CAA, tape recordings of the noise tests shall be provided. In such cases the instrumentation standards and procedures shall be those described in paragraph 4.

     3. CALCULATION OF SOUND EXPOSURE LEVEL L_AE FROM MEASURED NOISE DATA
     3.1 Definition

     3.1.1 The sound exposure level LAE is defined as the level, in decibels, of the time integral of squared 'A'-weighted sound pressure (P_A) over a given time period or event, with reference to the square of the standard reference sound pressure (P_o) of 20 micropascals (P) and a reference duration of one second.

     3.1.2 This unit is defined by the expression: - 

ΔA is the duration allowance given by ΔA = 10 log τ where τ = (t2 - t1)/2.

     4. MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
     4.1 The measurement system shall consist of equipment equivalent to the following: - 

(a) A microphone, amplifier and indicating instrument having frequency response characteristics compatible with the measurement and analysis system accuracy required by paragraph 4.2.

(b) Tripods or similar microphone mountings that minimise interference with the sound being measured.

(c)


(i) Recording and reproducing equipment (when used) having frequency response and dynamic range characteristics compatible with the measurement and analysis system accuracy required by paragraph 4.2.

(ii) The CAA may require that the sound produced by the microlight aeroplane shall be recorded in such a way that complete information, including time history, is retained.



(d) Acoustic calibrators using sine wave or broadband noise of known sound pressure level. If broadband noise is used, the signal shall be described in terms of its average and maximum root-mean-square (rms) value for non-overload signal level.

(e) A graphic level recorder or tape recorder may be used to record the noise time history.

     4.2 Sensing, Recording and Reproducing Equipment for Aeroplanes: - 

     4.2.1

(i) to require all microlight aeroplanes and specified supersonic aeroplanes and helicopters taking off and landing in the United Kingdom to have a valid noise certificate (unless flying in accordance with certain conditions set out in Part A of Schedule 3 to the Air Navigation Order 2000 or taking off or landing in a prescribed place) (article 4).

(ii) to define the circumstances under which a noise certificate can be issued and its period of validity (article 5).

(iii) to provide for the CAA, after consultation with the Secretary of State to issue exemptions from the noise certification requirements (article 7).

(iv) to require that specified aircraft shall not land or take off in the United Kingdom unless certified as complying with prescribed standards relating to fuel venting (article 8).

(v) to require that specified aircraft shall not land or take off in the United Kingdom unless its engines are of a type which have been certified as complying with prescribed standards relating to smoke emissions and the emission of unburned hydrocarbons (articles 9 and 10).

(vi) to except from the requirement to have emissions certification aircraft flying in accordance with certain conditions set out in Part A of Schedule 3 to the Air Navigation Order 2000 or aircraft taking off or landing in a prescribed place (article 12).

(vii) to provide for the CAA after consultation with the Secretary of State to issue exemptions from the restrictions described in 3(iv) and 3(v) above and 4(v) below (article 13).

(viii) to require the noise certificate to be carried and produced when required and make failure to do so an offence (article 14).



(ix) to set out the offences in relation to noise certificates and emissions certification and the powers of the CAA relating to prevention (articles 17, 18 and 19).



(x) to set out the penalties for contravening the Order and the liabilities of offenders (articles 21 and 22).

(xi) to set out the applicability of the Order to the Crown and visiting forces (article 23).

(xii) to provide for the Order to have effect on aircraft registered in the United Kingdom wherever they are, on aircraft in the United Kingdom wherever they are registered, on the commanders of United Kingdom registered aircraft wherever they are and, in relation to any United Kingdom registered aircraft, any person being a Commonwealth citizen, a British protected person or a citizen of the Republic of Ireland wherever they are (article 24).

     4. The Order introduces new requirements as follows. The Order:

(i) prescribes new noise certification standards for specified helicopters being those contained in the July 1993 Edition of Volume I of Annex 16 to the Chicago Convention as amended by Amendment 6 dated 4th November 1999 (articles 4 and 5 and Schedule 2).

(ii) prescribes new noise certification standards for microlight aeroplanes (articles 4 and 5 and Schedule 3), which are defined in Article 3.

(iii) introduces the requirement that the flight manual of any aircraft first registered in the United Kingdom on or after 1st August 1986 (other than microlight aeroplanes) which require a noise certificate shall include the appropriate noise levels at the approved take off and landing weights (article 6).

(iv) prescribes new standards in respect of smoke emissions and unburned hydrocarbons being those in Volume II of the July 1993 Edition of Annex 16 to the Chicago Convention as amended by Amendment 3 dated 20th March 1997, Amendment 4 dated 4th November 1999, Supplement dated 31st December 1994 and amendment to Supplement dated 25th March 1999 (articles 9 and 10).

(v) introduces the requirement that specified aeroplanes shall not land or take off in the United Kingdom unless certified as complying with prescribed standards for emissions of carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen being those in Volume II of the July 1993 Edition of Annex 16 to the Chicago Convention as amended by Amendment 3 dated 20th March 1997, Amendment 4 dated 4 November 1999, Supplement dated 31st December 1994 and amendment to Supplement dated 25th March 1999 (article 10).

(vi) introduces a power of exemption from the requirements relating to nitrogen oxide (article 10).

(vii) provides for the acceptance by CAA of reports from approved persons (article 25).

(viii) tabulates the types of aircraft to which Part II of the Order applies and the dates from which the relevant standards in Volume I of Annex 16 became applicable (Schedule 2).

     5. Copies of Annex 16 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Volume 1 - Aircraft Noise, 3rd edition and Volume II - Aircraft Engine Emissions, 2nd edition, both published in July 1993 by the International Civil Aviation Organisation) may be obtained from documedia Limited, 37 Windsor Street, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire GL52 2DG.

     6. A Regulatory Impact Assessment has been prepared and copies can be obtained from the Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions, Aviation Environmental Division, Zone 2/27 Great Minster House, 76 Marsham Street, London SW1P 4DR (Tel: 020 7944 4876 and Fax: 020 7944 2192). Copies are to be placed in the Libraries of each House of Parliament.