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You are here: BAILII >> Databases >> United Kingdom Statutory Instruments >> The School Organisation (Prescribed Alterations to Maintained Schools) (England) Regulations 2007 No. 1289 URL: http://www.bailii.org/uk/legis/num_reg/2007/20071289.html

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"the Act" means the Education and Inspections Act 2006[2];

"EA 2002" means the Education Act 2002[3];

"EA 2005" means the Education Act 2005[4];

"SSFA 1998" means the School Standards and Framework Act 1998[5];

"the Constitution Regulations" means the School Governance (Constitution) (England) Regulations 2007[6];

"the Foundation Regulations" means the School Organisation (Requirements as to Foundations)(England) Regulations 2007;[7]

"Accessibility Strategy" has the meaning given by section 28D of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995[8];

"admission number" means the number of pupils in any relevant age group that it is intended to admit or (where the context requires) have been admitted as determined by the admission authority (in accordance with section 89 and 89A of the SFFA 1998[9]);

"the capacity guidance" means the Department for Education and Skills Guidance "Assessing the Net Capacity of Schools" issued in August 2002, reference number DfES/0729REV/2001[10] and references to the capacity of a school are references to the net capacity of that school determined in accordance with that guidance;

"change of category to foundation" has the meaning set out in regulation 3;

"Children and Young People's Plan" means any plan published by the local education authority under section 17 of the Children Act 2004[11];

"date of publication" of proposals is—

(a) the date on which the requirements of paragraphs 6, 7 and 21(4) of Schedule 1, 28 and 41(4) of Schedule 3, and 28 and 41(4) of Schedule 5 as applicable, are satisfied; and

(b) where different requirements are satisfied on different days, the last of such days;

"Early Years Foundation Stage" means the foundation stage defined by section 81 of EA 2002, or the learning and development and welfare requirements specified by the Secretary of State by order and regulations made under section 39 of the Childcare Act 2006 when they come into force[12];

"extended services" has the same meaning given to it in the publication entitled "Extended Schools Access to Opportunities and Services for All" published by the Department for Education and Skills, dated June 2005 and with ISBN Number 1-84478-451-7;

"foundation proposals" has the meaning set out in regulation 3;

"further education college" means an institution within the further education sector (within the meaning of section 91(3) of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992[13]);

"grammar school" has the same meaning as in Chapter 2 of Part 3 of SSFA 1998;

"implementation date" means the date approved or specified by the governing body, local education authority or adjudicator (as the case may be) as the date on which it is intended that the change of category to foundation or other change of category which falls to be implemented, should take place;

"indicated admission number" means the number of pupils in any relevant age group referred to as such in, and determined in accordance with, the net capacity assessment method set out in the capacity guidance;

"mainstream school" means a maintained school which is not a special school;

"NHS trust" means a body established by the Secretary of State under section 25 of the National Heath Service Act 2006[14];

"NHS foundation trust" has the same meaning as in section 30(1) of the National Health Service Act 2006;

"Primary Care Trust" means a body established or continuing under section 18 of the National Health Service Act 2006;

"representation period" means the appropriate period prescribed in these Regulations in which objections or comments must be made;

"relevant change" has the meaning set out in regulation 3;

"special educational needs" has the meaning given by section 312 of the Education Act 1996[15];

"special school" means a community special school or a foundation special school;

"sponsor governor" means a person who is nominated as a sponsor governor and is appointed as such by the governing body in accordance with Schedule 5 to the Constitution Regulations;

"sixth form education" means full-time education suitable to the requirements of pupils over compulsory school age;

"trustees of the school" means any person (other than the governing body) holding property on trust for the purposes of the school;

"14-16 education" means educational provision for 14-16 year olds;

"16-19 institution" means a maintained school which—

(a) provides full-time education suitable to the requirements of pupils over compulsory school age, and

(b) does not provide full-time education suitable to the requirements of pupils of compulsory school age; and

any references to section 18, 19, 20, 21 , 23 or 24 is a reference to that section of the Act.

Alterations to maintained schools by governing bodies: foundation proposals
     3. —(1) The alterations specified in paragraph (2), are to be known as foundation proposals and are—

(a) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a community, foundation, voluntary aided, voluntary controlled, community special or foundation special school in pursuance of proposals published by the governing body; and

(b) in the case of a community or community special school, are designated under section 19(3) as alterations capable of being proposed by the governing body.

    (2) The prescribed alterations are—

(a) a change of category ( a "change of category to foundation")—


(i) from a community school to a foundation school;

(ii) from a voluntary aided school to a foundation school;

(iii) from a voluntary controlled school to a foundation school;

(iv) from a community special school to a foundation special school;



(b) in relation to foundation and foundation special schools only, the acquisition of a foundation established otherwise than under SSFA 1998;

(c) in relation to foundation and foundation special schools only, where the instrument of government of the school does not provide for a majority of the governing body to be foundation governors, any change in the instrument of government which results in the majority of governors being foundation governors ("a relevant change").

    (3) Part 1 of Schedule 1 provides for the information to be included in, or provided in relation to, foundation proposals.

    (4) Part 2 of Schedule 1 provides for the publication, determination and implementation of foundation proposals.

Other alterations to maintained schools by governing bodies
     4. —(1) The alterations specified in Part 1 of Schedule 2 are (in addition to foundation proposals) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a foundation or voluntary school in pursuance of proposals published by the governing body of the school.

    (2) The alterations specified in Part 2 of Schedule 2 are (in addition to foundation proposals)—

(a) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a community school, in pursuance of proposals published by the governing body of the school; and

(b) designated under section 19(3) as alterations capable of being proposed by that governing body.

    (3) The alterations specified in Part 3 of Schedule 2 are (in addition to foundation proposals)—

(a) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a community special school or a foundation special school in pursuance of proposals published by the governing body of the school; and

(b) in the case of a community special school, designated under section 19(3) as alterations capable of being proposed by that governing body.

    (4) Part 1 of Schedule 3 provides for the information to be included in, or provided in relation to, governing body proposals for alterations other than foundation proposals.

    (5) Part 2 of Schedule 3 provides for the publication, determination and implementation of proposals for alterations other than foundation proposals.

    (6) Part 3 of Schedule 3 applies in relation to change of category alterations, other than foundation proposals.

Alterations to maintained schools by local education authorities
     5. —(1) The alterations specified in Part 1 of Schedule 4 are—

(a) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a community school in pursuance of proposals published by the local education authority; and

(b) designated under section 19(2) as alterations capable of being proposed by the local education authority.

    (2) The alterations specified in Part 2 of Schedule 4 are—

(a) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a community special school in pursuance of proposals published by the local education authority; and

(b) designated under section 19(2) as alterations capable of being proposed by the local education authority.

    (3) The alterations specified in Part 3 of Schedule 4 are—

(a) prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a maintained nursery school in pursuance of proposals published by the local education authority; and

(b) designated under section 19(2) as alterations capable of being proposed by the local education authority.

    (4) The alterations specified in Part 4 of Schedule 4 are prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a foundation or voluntary school in pursuance of proposals published by the local education authority[16].

    (5) The alterations specified in Part 5 of Schedule 4 are prescribed under section 18 as alterations that may be implemented in respect of a foundation special school in pursuance of proposals published by the local education authority[17].

    (6) Part 1 of Schedule 5 provides for the information to be included in or provided in relation to, proposals concerning alterations falling within paragraphs (1) to (5).

    (7) Part 2 of Schedule 5 provides for the publication, determination and implementation of proposals concerning alterations falling within paragraphs (1) to (5).

Consultation prior to these Regulations
     6. If before May 25^th 2007 any action was taken which (had it been taken on or after that day) would to any extent have satisfied the requirements of paragraph 5 of Part 2 of Schedule 1, paragraph 27 of Part 2 of Schedule 3 and paragraph 27 of Part 2 of Schedule 5, those requirements are to that extent to be treated as satisfied.

Land transfers
     7. Schedule 6 has effect in relation to the transfer of land where a school changes category.

Regard to guidance
     8. Any governing body, local education authority or adjudicator (where applicable) when—

(a) consulting on proposals;

(b) considering or determining proposals;

(c) considering what are related proposals;

(d) making decisions on matters relating to implementation

must have regard to any guidance given from time to time by the Secretary of State.

Revocation
     9. The regulations specified in Schedule 7 are revoked.


Jim Knight
Minister of State Department for Education and Skills

26th April 2007

(a) the name or proposed name of the foundation;

(b) the rationale for acquiring the foundation and the ethos that it will bring to the school;

(c) the details of membership of the foundation, including the names of the members;

(d) where the majority of governors are to be foundation governors, a statement that a parent council will be established in accordance with section 23A of EA 2002[18];

(e) the entitlement to appoint charity trustees and the number of trustees to be appointed;

(f) the proposed constitution of the school's governing body;

(g) details of the foundation's charitable objects;

(h) whether the foundation already acts as a foundation for any foundation or voluntary schools;

(i) except where the alteration consists of a voluntary aided or voluntary controlled school changing category to a foundation school and it is intended that the foundation should appoint a minority of foundation governors, a statement that the requirements set out in the Foundation Regulations will be met;

(j) a statement and supporting evidence as to how the foundation will contribute to the advancement of education at the school and in particular how it will help to raise standards; and

(k) a statement of how the foundation will contribute to the promotion of community cohesion and the impact the foundation will have on the diversity of school provision in the area.

     4. —(1) Subject to sub-paragraph (2) where the prescribed alteration is a relevant change at a school for which a foundation already acts, the proposals must include the following information—

(a) the name of the foundation;

(b) the rationale for the change and how it will contribute to the advancement of education at the school and in particular how it will help to raise standards;

(c) the details of membership of the foundation, including the names of the members;

(d) details of the foundation's charitable objects;

(e) a statement that the requirements set out in the Foundation Regulations will be met;

(f) a statement that a parent council will be established in accordance with section 23A of EA 2002;

(g) the proposed constitution of the school's governing body; and

(h) the entitlement to appoint charity trustees and the number of trustees to be appointed.

    (2) In addition where the relevant change relates to—

(a) a foundation school which immediately before the 25^th May 2007, was a foundation school having a foundations; or

(b) a foundation school which having been a voluntary school immediately before the 25^th May 2007, changed category to a foundation school on or after that date

a statement that in accordance with section 20 the consent of the trustees and the persons by whom the foundation governors are appointed has been obtained.

(a) any local education authority likely to be affected by the proposals, in particular neighbouring local education authorities where there may be significant cross-border movement of pupils;

(b) families, teachers, and other staff at the school;

(c) the governing body, teachers and other staff of any other school that may be affected by the proposals;

(d) families at any other school that may be affected by the proposals including where appropriate parents of pupils at feeder primary schools;

(e) any trade unions who represent staff at the school and representatives of any trade union of any other staff at schools that may be affected by the proposals;

(f) if proposals involve, or are likely to affect a school which has a religious character—


(i) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the local education authority;

(ii) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the local education authority; or

(iii) the relevant faith group in relation to the school



as appropriate;

(g) if the proposals affect the provision of full-time 14-19 education, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(h) Members of Parliament whose constituencies include the school that is the subject of the proposals, or whose constituents are likely to be affected by the proposals;

(i) the local district or parish council where the school is situated;

(j) where proposals affect early years provision, the Early Years Development and Child Care Partnership[19], or those who benefit from a contractual arrangement giving them the use of the premises;

(k) where the proposal is one that is a relevant change, the existing trustees;

(l) any other interested party; and

(m) any other persons whom the governing body thinks appropriate.

    (2) Where the proposals relate to a special school, the governing body must also consult—

(a) the relevant Primary Care Trust for the area in which the school is situated; and

(b) any NHS trust or NHS foundation trust responsible for a hospital or other provision in the area in which the school is situated.

Manner of publication of proposals
     6. —(1) The governing body must publish—

(a) the information contained in paragraph 1 of Part 1, except the information relating to consultation prescribed in paragraph 1(d);

(b) where the proposals include the acquisition of a foundation, or a relevant change—


(i) the name or proposed name of the foundation;

(ii) whether the foundation already acts as a foundation for any foundation or voluntary school; and

(iii) details of the membership of the foundation, including the names of the members;



(c) a summary of the rationale for the alterations proposed, the particular contribution they will make, and the direction they will provide to the school; and

(d) details of how complete copies of the proposals can be obtained.

    (2) The governing body must publish the information in sub-paragraph (1)—

(a) by posting it in a conspicuous place in the area served by the school and at or near the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one main entrance, all of them; and

(b) by publishing it in at least one newspaper circulating in the area served by the school.

    (3) The governing body must send a complete set of the proposals to—

(a) the local education authority within 1 week of the date of publication;

(b) the Secretary of State within 1 week of the date of publication; and

(c) anyone who requests a copy of the proposals within 1 week of the date of the request.

     7. Where the proposals relate to a special school, the governing body must also send a complete set of the proposals to—

(a) the relevant Primary Care Trust for the area in which the school is situated;

(b) any NHS trust or NHS foundation trust responsible for a hospital or other provision in the area in which the school is situated;

(c) any local education authority who maintain a statement of special needs in respect of a registered pupil at the school;

(d) any local education authority which might be affected by the proposals; and

(e) parents of children who attend the special school.

Objections and comments
     8. —(1) Except where sub-paragraph (2) applies, any person may send objections or comments in relation to any proposals to the governing body within 4 weeks from the date of the publication of the proposals.

    (2) Where proposals have been referred to the adjudicator in accordance with paragraph 10 the governing body must forward any objections or comments they have received under sub-paragraph 1 to the adjudicator within 1 week from the end of the representation period.

Governing body as decision maker
     9. For the purpose of section 21(2)(f), the governing body of the school to which the proposals relate is prescribed as the person who (subject to paragraph 10) must consider and determine the proposals.

Referrals to adjudicator for consideration and determination
     10. —(1) The local education authority may[20], subject to paragraphs 11 and 12, require the governing body to refer proposals falling within sub-paragraph (2) to the adjudicator.

    (2) Proposals fall within this sub-paragraph if the proposed alteration would result in a community, foundation, or voluntary controlled school, or community or foundation special school becoming either or both of the following—

(a) a foundation or foundation special school having a foundation established otherwise than under SSFA 1998;

(b) a foundation or foundation special school whose instrument of government provides for the majority of governors to be foundation governors.

     11. Where the local education authority exercise their right to require a referral to the adjudicator under paragraph 10 they must do so in writing within 4 weeks of the date of the publication of the proposals.

     12. The local education authority may only require that the proposals specified in paragraph 10 be referred to the adjudicator if they consider that—

(a) the governing body have failed adequately to fulfil the requirements for consultation set out in these Regulations;

(b) the governing body have failed adequately to have regard to any guidance given by the Secretary of State relating to consultation;

(c) the governing body have failed to have regard to the responses to the consultation; or

(d) the local education authority consider that the proposals will have a negative impact on standards at the school.

     13. Where the governing body is required (under paragraph 10) to refer proposals to the adjudicator, they must also send to the adjudicator within 1 week of the end of the representation period, a copy of the proposals and any objections or comments received.

Withdrawal of proposals
     14. Proposals may be withdrawn by the governing body which published the proposals provided that—

(a) such proposals are withdrawn before any determination is made;

(b) written notice is given to—


(i) the local education authority;

(ii) in cases where the proposals have been referred to the adjudicator, the adjudicator and the Secretary of State; and



(c) written notice is placed at the entrance to the school, or if there is more than one entrance, all of them.

Consideration and determination by governing body or adjudicator
     15. —(1) Where any proposals are to be determined by a governing body they may—

(a) reject the proposals;

(b) approve the proposals without modifications; or

(c) approve the proposals with such modifications as the governing body thinks desirable.

    (2) Where proposals are approved by the governing body (whether with or without modifications), the approval may be conditional on the occurrence of an event prescribed in paragraph 19.

    (3) Any determination under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within the period of 6 months from the date of publication of the proposals.

     16. —(1) Where proposals have been referred to the adjudicator for determination pursuant to paragraph 10, the adjudicator may—

(a) reject the proposals;

(b) approve the proposals without modifications; or

(c) approve the proposals with such modifications as the adjudicator thinks desirable.

    (2) Where proposals are approved by the adjudicator (whether with or without modifications), the approval may be conditional on the occurrence of an event prescribed in paragraph 19.

Referral to the adjudicator post determination
     17. —(1) Sub-paragraph (2) applies to proposals which relate to—

(a) a change of category from voluntary aided to foundation school, without the acquisition of a foundation or a relevant change in the instrument of government; or

(b) a change of category from voluntary aided to foundation school, together with the acquisition of a foundation or a relevant change in the instrument of government (or both).

    (2) For the purpose of section 21(2)(h) the prescribed persons at whose request proposals to which this paragraph applies, (after their initial determination by the governing body) must be referred to the adjudicator, are—

(a) the local education authority;

(b) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority; and

(d) where proposals relate to a school providing, or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England.

    (3) A request under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within 4 weeks of the initial determination by the governing body.

Provision for notification of decisions
     18. —(1) The governing body must notify the local education authority and the Secretary of State of their decision together with their reasons.

    (2) In the case of any determination made by the adjudicator pursuant to paragraph 16 or 17 the adjudicator must notify the governing body, authority and the Secretary of State of his decision together with his reasons.

    (3) Where any determination relates to proposals to which paragraph 17(1) applies the adjudicator must also notify the prescribed persons in paragraph 17(2) of his decision together with his reasons.

Conditional approval
     19. The following events are prescribed as specified events which (if the approval is expressed to take effect only if they occur) must occur by the date specified in the approval—

(a) the making of any scheme relating to any charity connected with the school; and

(b) the establishment of a foundation within the meaning of section 23A of SSFA 1998[21].

Duty to implement proposals
     20. Subject to the following provisions of this Schedule, foundation proposals must be implemented by the governing body in the form in which they were approved.

Revocation of proposals (after approval)
     21. —(1) If the governing body are satisfied that—

(a) implementation of the proposals would be unreasonably difficult; or

(b) circumstances have so altered since approval was given that implementation would be inappropriate,

the governing body may determine at any time before implementation that paragraph 20 (duty to implement) is to cease to apply to the proposals.

    (2) The governing body may only make a determination under sub-paragraph (1) where proposals that they should do so have been published by the governing body under sub-paragraph (3) ("revocation proposals").

    (3) Revocation proposals must contain—

(a) a description of the original proposals as published in accordance with section 19 (3);

(b) the date of publication of the original proposals;

(c) a statement as to why it is proposed that, in accordance with sub-paragraph (1), paragraph 20 should not apply in relation to the original proposals; and

(d) details of how copies of the original proposals can be obtained.

    (4) Revocation proposals must be—

(a) posted at or near the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one entrance, all of them; and

(b) published in at least one newspaper circulating in the area to be served by the school.

    (5) Any person may object to or comment on revocation proposals, and such objections and comments must be sent to the governing body within 4 weeks of the date of publication of the proposals.

    (6) The governing body must determine the revocation proposals within a period ending 2 months after the end of the representation period.

    (7) If the governing body does not make a determination within the period specified in sub–paragraph (6) they must refer the proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week from the end of that period.

    (8) Where the original proposals involve a change of category to a foundation school, before determining proposals under sub-paragraph (1) the governing body must consult the local education authority.

    (9) Sub-paragraphs (10) to (12) apply where paragraph 17(2) applies to the proposals (voluntary aided to foundation).

    (10) The governing body must notify the following persons of each decision taken under sub-paragraph (1) together with their reasons—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England; and

(d) the trustees of the school (if any).

    (11) The persons at whose request revocation proposals must after their determination by the governing body be referred to the adjudicator are—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the local education authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the local education authority; and

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England.

    (12) A request under sub-paragraph (11) must be made within 4 weeks of the initial determination of the revocation proposals by the governing body.

    (13) Where a request is made under sub-paragraph (11) the governing body must submit the proposals and any objections or comments relating to the revocation proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week of receiving the request.

Modification post determination
     22. —(1) The governing body may make modifications to the proposals at any time after determination, but before implementation, and where there has been a conditional approval, specify a later date by which the event in question must occur.

    (2) Before modifying proposals for a change of category to a foundation school, the governing body must consult the local education authority.

Proposals not falling to be implemented
     23. —(1) Where by virtue of paragraph 21, paragraph 20 (duty to implement) ceases to apply to any proposals, those proposals are to be treated for the purposes of this Schedule as if under paragraph 15 or 16 it has been determined that the proposals should be rejected.

    (2) Where—

(a) any conditional approval is given to proposals; and

(b) the event specified in paragraph 19 does not occur by the required date

paragraph 20 ceases to apply to the proposals, and these proposals must be considered afresh by the governing body or adjudicator (as the case may be) and paragraph 15 or 16 apply accordingly.

Unimplemented statutory proposals
     24. Where a school changes category in accordance with this Schedule and there are other proposals for prescribed alterations falling to be implemented in respect of that school which have not been implemented—

(a) in the case of a school which has changed category from a community or community special school, the proposals must to the extent they have not been implemented, be implemented by the local education authority;

(b) in the case of a school which has changed category from a voluntary aided school, the proposals must to the extent that they have not been implemented, be implemented by the local education authority.

Revision or replacement of the school's instrument of government
     25. —(1) The governing body and the local education authority must secure that by the end of the implementation period a new instrument of government is made for the school in accordance with the Constitution Regulations.

    (2) The implementation period is the period commencing on the date a proposal is approved under paragraph 15 or 16 and ending on the implementation date.

    (3) The new instrument of government is to take effect from the date of making for the purpose of reconstituting the governing body but does not affect the constitution of the governing body conducting the school pending the implementation date.

    (4) For all other purposes, the new instrument of government is to take effect from the implementation date.

Reconstitution or replacement of the governing body
     26. —(1) The governing body and the local education authority must secure that as soon as reasonably practicable after the commencement of the implementation period (and in any event within a period of 3 months beginning on the implementation date) the governing body are reconstituted in accordance with the new instrument of government, and the Constitution Regulations.

    (2) The current governing body must exercise their functions under the Act and these Regulations in a manner calculated to enable the authority to fulfil their duties under sub-paragraph (1).

Current governors continuing in office
     27. —(1) Sub-paragraph (2) applies to any member of a current governing body in respect of which a new instrument of government has been made under these Regulations.

    (2) Subject to paragraph 28 a governor to whom this paragraph applies is to continue from the implementation date (or the making of the new instrument of government if later) as a governor of the corresponding category required by the new instrument of government (if any such category exists).

    (3) A member of a current governing body who continues as a governor under sub-paragraph (2) holds office for the remainder of the term for which he is originally appointed or elected.

    (4) The proceedings of the governing body are not invalidated by the school having more governors of a particular category than are provided for by the new instrument of government, pending removal of the surplus governors pursuant to paragraph 28.

Surplus governors
     28. —(1) Where—

(a) on or after the implementation date a school has more governors of any of the categories of governors than are required as governors of the corresponding category by the new instrument of government; and

(b) the excess is not eliminated by the required number of governors resigning

such number of that category as is required to eliminate the excess must cease to hold office in accordance with sub-paragraphs (2) and (3).

    (2) The governors who are to cease to hold office are to be determined on the basis of seniority, the governor whose current period of continuous service (whether as a governor of one or more than one category) is the shortest being the first to cease to hold office.

    (3) Where it is necessary for the purposes of paragraph (2) to select one or more governors from a group of equal seniority, it must be done by drawing lots.

    (4) For the purposes of this paragraph, sponsor governors nominated by a particular category of person are treated as if they constituted a separate category of governor.

    (5) Any procedure set out in the new instrument of government for the removal of excess foundation governors does not apply to the reconstitution of the governing body under these Regulations.

Transfer of staff for foundation change of category
     29. Where a voluntary controlled or community school changes category to a foundation school, or from a community special school to a foundation special school—

(a) the contract of employment between a person to whom this paragraph applies and the local education authority has effect from the implementation date as if originally made between him and the governing body;

(b) all the authority's rights, powers, duties and liabilities under or in connection with the contract of employment transfer by virtue of this paragraph to the governing body on the implementation date; and

(c) anything done before that date by, or in relation to, the authority in respect of that contract or the employee, is deemed from that date to have been done by or in relation to the governing body.

     30. —(1) Subject to sub-paragraph (2), paragraph 29 applies to any person who immediately before the implementation date is employed by the authority to work solely at the school who is the subject of the proposals.

    (2) Paragraph 29 does not apply to any person whose contract of employment terminates on the day immediately preceding the implementation date or to any person employed by the authority to work at the school solely in connection with the provision of meals.

     31. Any person who before the implementation date has been appointed by the authority to work at the school as from the implementation date or a date thereafter is to be treated for the purpose of paragraph 29 as if he had been employed by the authority immediately before the implementation date to do such work at the school as he would have been required to do on or after that date under his contract of employment with the authority.

     32. Paragraphs 29 to 31 are without prejudice to any right of an employee to terminate his contract if a substantial change is made to his detriment in his working conditions, but no such right must arise by reason only of the change in employer effected by these Regulations.

(a) details of the likely effect which the alteration will have on the balance of the provision of single-sex education in the area;

(b) evidence of local demand for single-sex education; and

(c) details of any transitional period which the body making the proposals wishes specified in a transitional exemption order (within the meaning of section 27 of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975[22]).

     22. Where the proposals are to make an alteration to a school to provide that a school which was an establishment which admitted pupils of both sexes becomes an establishment which admits pupils of one sex only—

(a) details of the likely effect which the alteration will have on the balance of the provision of single-sex education in the area; and

(b) evidence of local demand for single-sex education.

Extended services
     23. If the proposed alterations affect the provision of the school's extended services, details of the current extended services the school is offering and details of any proposed change as a result of the alterations.

Need or demand for additional places

     24. If the proposals involve adding places—

(a) a statement and supporting evidence of the need or demand for the particular places in the area;

(b) where the school has a religious character, a statement and supporting evidence of the demand in the area for education in accordance with the tenets of the religion or religious denomination; and

(c) where the school adheres to a particular philosophy, evidence of the demand for education in accordance with the philosophy in question and any associated change to the admission arrangements for the school.

     25. If the proposals involve removing places—

(a) a statement and supporting evidence of the reasons for the removal, including an assessment of the impact on parental choice; and

(b) a statement on the local capacity to accommodate displaced pupils.

Additional information in the case of special schools
     26. Where the proposals relate to a special school the following information must also be provided—

(a) information as to the numbers, age range, sex and special educational needs of the pupils (distinguishing boarding and day pupils) for whom provision is made at the school;

(b) information on the predicted rise or fall (as the case may be) in the number of children with particular types of special educational needs requiring specific types of special educational provision;

(c) a statement about the alternative provision for pupils who may be displaced as a result of the alterations;

(d) where the proposals would result in the school being organised to make provision for pupils with a different type or types of special educational needs, with the result that the provision which would be made for pupils currently at the school would be inappropriate to their needs, details of the other schools which such pupils may attend including any interim arrangements and transport arrangements to such schools;

(e) where the proposals relate to a foundation special school, a statement as to whether the proposals are to be implemented by the local education authority, or by the governing body, and if the proposals are to be implemented by both, a statement as to the extent to which they are to be implemented by each body.

(a) any local education authority likely to be affected by the proposals, in particular neighbouring local education authorities where there may be significant cross-border movement of pupils;

(b) families, teachers and other staff at the school;

(c) the governing body, teachers and other staff of any other school that may be affected by the proposals;

(d) families at any other school that may be affected by the proposals including where appropriate parents of pupils at feeder primary schools;

(e) any trade unions who represent staff at the school and representatives of any trade unions of any other staff at schools that may be affected by the proposals;

(f) the trustees of the school (if any);

(g) if proposals involve, or are likely to affect a school which has a religious character—


(i) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(ii) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority; or

(iii) the relevant faith group in relation to the school



as appropriate;

(h) if the proposals affect the provision of full-time 14-19 education, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(i) Members of Parliament whose constituencies include the school that is the subject of the proposals or whose constituents are likely to be affected by the proposals;

(j) the local district or parish council where the school is situated;

(k) where proposals affect early years provision, the Early Years Development and Child Care Partnership[23], or those who benefit from a contractual arrangement giving them the use of the premises;

(l) any other interested party; and

(m) any other persons whom the governing body thinks appropriate.

    (2) Where the proposals relate to a special school, the governing body must also consult—

(a) the relevant Primary Care Trust for the area in which the school is situated; and

(b) any NHS trust or NHS foundation trust responsible for a hospital or other provision in the area in which the school is situated.

Manner of publication of proposals
     28. —(1) The governing body must publish—

(a) the information contained in paragraphs 1 to 7(1), 8(1)(a) and (b), 9(a) and 19(a) of this Schedule;

(b) details of how complete copies of the proposals can be obtained.

    (2) The governing body must publish the information in sub-paragraph (1)—

(a) by posting it in a conspicuous place in the area served by the school and at or near the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one main entrance, all of them; and

(b) publishing it in at least one newspaper circulating in the area served by the school.

    (3) The governing body must send a complete set of the proposals to—

(a) the relevant local education authority within 1 week of the date of publication;

(b) the Secretary of State within 1 week of the date of publication; and

(c) anyone who requests a copy of the proposals within 1 week of the request.

    (4) Where the proposals relate to a special school, the governing body must also send a complete set of the proposals to—

(a) the relevant Primary Care Trust for the area in which the school is situated;

(b) any NHS trust or NHS foundation trust responsible for a hospital or other provision in the area in which the school is situated;

(c) any local education authority which maintains a statement of special needs in respect of a registered pupil at the school;

(d) any local education authority which might be affected by the proposal; and

(e) parents of children who attend the special school.

Objections and comments
     29. —(1) Except where sub-paragraph (2) applies, any person may send objections or comments in relation to any proposals to the local education authority within 6 weeks from the date of publication of the proposals.

    (2) Where the proposal is for an excepted expansion any objections or comments must be sent to the authority within 4 weeks from the date of the publication of the proposals.

    (3) For the purpose of this Schedule an excepted expansion means, in respect of primary schools and secondary schools except grammar schools, a prescribed alteration falling within paragraphs—

(a) 1, 2 and 3 (but in respect of paragraph 3 only where the alteration of the upper age limit is being made so as to provide sixth form education) of Part 1 to Schedule 2;

(b) 12, 13 and 14 (but in respect of paragraph 14 only where the alteration of the upper age limit is being made so as to provide sixth form education) of Part 2 to Schedule 2;

(c) 19 and 22 (but in respect of paragraph 22 only where the alteration of the upper age limit is being made so as to provide sixth form education) of Part 3 to Schedule 2.

    (4) The representation period means the period starting on the date of publication of the proposals and ending 6 or 4 weeks later, as appropriate.

Local education authority as decision maker
     30. —(1) For the purpose of section 21(2)(f) the local education authority is prescribed as the person who (subject to the remaining provisions of this Schedule) must consider and determine the proposals.

    (2) Where paragraph 36 applies, (transfer to a different local education authority area) the local education authority referred to in sub-paragraph (1) is the local education authority described in paragraph 36 as Local Education Authority A.

Consideration and determination of proposals by the local education authority or adjudicator
     31. —(1) In determining proposals to which this Schedule applies the local education authority may—

(a) reject the proposals;

(b) approve the proposals without modification; or

(c) approve the proposals with such modifications as the authority think desirable.

    (2) Before approving any proposals with modifications the authority must consult the governing body (unless the modifications are proposed by the governing body).

    (3) Where proposals are approved by the authority (whether with or without modifications) the approval may be conditional on the occurrence of an event prescribed in paragraph 38.

    (4) Any determination under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within the period of 2 months from the end of the representation period.

    (5) Where the authority does not make a determination within the period prescribed by sub-paragraph (4), the proposals must be referred to the adjudicator.

     32. —(1) Where any proposals have been referred to the adjudicator pursuant to paragraphs 31(5) or 34, the adjudicator may—

(a) reject the proposals;

(b) approve the proposals without modifications; or

(c) approve the proposals with such modifications as the adjudicator thinks desirable.

    (2) Before approving any proposals with modifications, the adjudicator must consult the relevant governing body and the local education authority (unless they proposed the modification).

    (3) Where the proposals are approved by the adjudicator (whether with or without modifications) the approval may be conditional on the occurrence of an event prescribed in paragraph 38.

Referral to adjudicator post determination
     33. —(1) For the purpose of section 21(2)(h), the prescribed persons at whose request proposals must, after their initial determination by the local education authority, be referred to the adjudicator are—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing, or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(d) where proposals relate to a community school, and the proposal is an excepted expansion (as defined in paragraph 29) the governing body.

    (2) A request under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within 4 weeks of the initial determination of the proposal by the authority.

    (3) Where a request is made under sub-paragraph (1) the authority must submit the proposals and any objections or comments made in relation to the proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week of receiving the request.

Provision for notification of decisions
     34. —(1) The local education authority must notify the following persons of each decision under paragraph 31, together with their reasons—

(a) the governing body;

(b) the trustees of the school (if any);

(c) the Secretary of State;

(d) where proposals include provision for 14-16 education or sixth form education, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(e) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(f) the bishop of any diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(g) where the proposals relate to a special school—


(i) the relevant Primary Care Trust for the area in which the school is situated, and

(ii) any NHS trust or NHS foundation trust responsible for a hospital or other provision in the area in which the school is situated;



(h) subject to sub-paragraph (3), each objector to the proposals; and

(i) the adjudicator.

    (2) In the case of any determination made by the adjudicator pursuant to paragraph 31(5) or 33, the adjudicator must notify the local education authority and the persons in sub-paragraphs (a) to (h) of sub-paragraph (1) of each decision, together with his reasons.

    (3) Where objections to a proposal take the form of a petition (that is to say a document containing the text of one objection signed by more than one objector) the authority or adjudicator (as the case may be) may comply with sub-paragraph (1)(h) by—

(a) notifying the person (if any) who appears to them to have arranged for the petition to be sent to the authority; or

(b) if there is no such person, notifying the objector whose name appears first on the petition.

Related proposals
     35. —(1) Where proposals appear to be related to other proposals the local education authority or adjudicator, as the case may be, must consider the related proposals together.

    (2) Where the authority are required under paragraph 31(5) or 33 to refer any proposals to the adjudicator, the authority must also within 1 week refer to the adjudicator any other proposals which appear to them to be related.

Determination of proposals where the school is transferring to a different local education authority
     36. —(1) This paragraph applies to the determination of any proposals for the transfer of the school to a new site falling within paragraph 9 or 18 of Schedule 2, where the new site is in an area other than that of the local education authority who maintain the school.

    (2) The local education authority who maintain the school ("Local Education Authority A") must send a copy of the proposals, together with all objections and comments received, to the local education authority for the area where it is proposed that the school will be situated ("Local Education Authority B").

    (3) Local Education Authority A must send the documents required under sub-paragraph (2) within 1 week from the end of the representation period.

    (4) Before determining the proposals in accordance with paragraph 30, Local Education Authority A must first seek the recommendation of Local Education Authority B on how the proposals should be determined.

    (5) Any determination made under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within the period of 2 months from the end of the representation period.

Transitional exemption orders under the Sex Discrimination Act 1975
     37. —(1) This paragraph applies to proposals for a school to cease to be an establishment which admits pupils of one sex only.

    (2) Sub-paragraph (3) applies where such proposals fall within paragraph 7 or paragraph 23 of Schedule 2, and in accordance with paragraph 28(3)(a) of this Schedule the governing body sends a copy of the published proposals to the local education authority.

    (3) Sending the published proposals is to be treated as an application to the local education authority for a transitional exemption order under section 27 of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, and the local education authority must make such an order accordingly.

    (4) Where—

(a) the authority have failed to make a transitional exemption order; or

(b) the authority refer the proposals to the adjudicator under paragraph 31(5) or 33

they must refer the question whether to make a transitional exemption order to the adjudicator.

    (5) Where that question is referred to the adjudicator—

(a) he must consider the matter afresh, and

(b) he may make a transitional exemption order accordingly.

    (6) In this paragraph "make", in relation to the transitional exemption order, includes (so far as the context permits) vary or revoke.

Conditional approvals
     38. —(1) The following events are prescribed as specified events which (if the approval is expressed to take effect only if they occur) must occur by the date specified in the approval—

(a) the grant of planning permission under Part 3 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990[24];

(b) the acquisition of any site required for the implementation of the proposals;

(c) the acquisition of playing fields required for the implementation of the proposals;

(d) the securing of any necessary access to a site referred to in sub-paragraph (b) or playing fields referred to in sub-paragraph (c);

(e) the private finance credit approval given by the Department for Education and Skills following the entering into a private finance contract by a local education authority;

(f) the entering into an agreement for any necessary building project supported by the Department for Education and Skills in connection with the programme known as "Building Schools for the Future";

(g) in the case of mainstream schools, the agreement to any change to the admission arrangements of any other school or schools, as specified in the approval;

(h) the making of any scheme relating to any charity connected with the school;

(i) the formation of any federation (within the meaning of section 24(2) of EA 2002) of which it is intended that the school should form part, or the fulfilling of any other condition relating to the school forming part of a federation;

(j) the Secretary of State giving approval under regulation 5(4) of the Education (Foundation Body)(England) Regulations 2000[25] to a proposal that a foundation body must be established and that the school must form part of a group for which a foundation must act;

(k) the Secretary of State making a declaration under regulation 22(3) of the Education (Foundation Body) (England) Regulations 2000 that the school should form part of a group for which a foundation body acts; and

(l) where the proposals in question depend upon any of the events specified in paragraphs (a) to (g) occurring by a specified date in relation to proposals relating to any other school or proposed school, the occurrence of such an event.

    (2) For the purpose of paragraph (g) above a change to the admission arrangements is agreed—

(a) in the case where the change arises from the admission arrangements for the school year in question being different from the admission arrangements for the previous school year, if the admission arrangements are determined under section 89(4) of SSFA 1998 and either—


(i) no objection is made to the change in accordance with section 90 of SSFA 1998, or

(ii) if an objection to the change is made and referred to the adjudicator in accordance with section 90 of SSFA 1998, the objection is not upheld;



(b) in a case where the change arises from a variation made under section 89(5) of SSFA 1998 or made under The School Admissions (Alteration and Variation of, and Objections to, Arrangements) (England) Regulations 2007[26], where the variation is required to be referred to the adjudicator, if the adjudicator determines that the variation should have effect without modifications; and

(c) in a case where the change arises from a variation made under those regulations where the variation is not required to be referred to the adjudicator, when the variation is made.

Withdrawal of proposals
     39. Proposals may be withdrawn by the governing body which published the proposals provided that—

(a) such proposals are withdrawn before any determination is made,

(b) written notice is given to—


(i) the local education authority;

(ii) in cases where the proposals have been referred to the adjudicator, the adjudicator and the Secretary of State; and



(c) written notice is placed at the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one main entrance, all of them.

Duty to implement proposals
     40. —(1) Subject to the following provisions of this Schedule proposals must be implemented in the form in which they were approved.

    (2) Where the local education authority or adjudicator have approved any proposals then the proposals must be implemented by the governing body in the form in which they were approved.

Revocation of proposals (after approval)
     41. —(1) If the local education authority, or adjudicator (where the original proposals were referred to him under paragraph 31(5) only, or a referral is made to him under sub-paragraph (9)) are satisfied that—

(a) implementation of the proposals would be unreasonably difficult; or

(b) circumstances have so altered since approval was given that implementation would be inappropriate,

the authority or adjudicator as appropriate may determine that paragraph 40 (duty to implement) is to cease to apply to the proposals.

    (2) The authority or adjudicator (as the case may be) may only make a determination under sub-paragraph (1) where proposals have been published by the governing body under sub-paragraph (3) ("revocation proposals").

    (3) Revocation proposals must contain—

(a) a description of the original proposals as published in accordance with section 19(3);

(b) the date of publication of the original proposals;

(c) a statement as to why it is proposed that, in accordance with sub-paragraph (1), paragraph 40 should not apply in relation to the original proposals; and

(d) details of how copies of the original proposals can be obtained.

    (4) Revocation proposals must be published by—

(a) posting them in a conspicuous place in the area served by the school, and at or near the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one main entrance, all of them, and

(b) publishing them in at least one newspaper circulating in the area served by the school.

    (5) The governing body must submit the revocation proposals within 1 week of the date of publication to the authority.

    (6) Any person may object to or comment on revocation proposals, and such objections and comments must be sent to the authority within 6 weeks of the date of publication of the proposals.

    (7) Where the original proposals were decided by the adjudicator pursuant to a reference under paragraph 31(5), the authority must refer the revocation proposals, together with any objections or comments in relation to them, to him within 2 weeks of the end of the representation period.

    (8) Where the authority determine revocation proposals, any determination must be made within a period ending 2 months after the end of the representation period.

    (9) If the authority does not make a determination within the period specified in sub-paragraph (8) they must refer the proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week from the end of that period.

    (10) The authority must notify the following persons of each decision taken under sub-paragraph (1) together with their reasons—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(d) where the proposals relate to a voluntary or foundation school, or a foundation special school—


(i) the governing body; and

(ii) the trustees of the school; and



(e) where the original proposal is an excepted expansion, (as defined in paragraph 29(3)), the governing body.

    (11) The persons at whose request revocation proposals must after their determination by the authority be referred to the adjudicator are—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(d) where the proposals relate to a voluntary or foundation school, or a foundation special school—


(i) the governing body, and

(ii) the trustees of the school; and



(e) where the proposal is an excepted expansion (as defined in paragraph 29(3)) the governing body.

    (12) A request under sub-paragraph (11) must be made within 4 weeks of the initial determination of the revocation proposals by the authority.

    (13) Where a request is made under sub-paragraph (11) the authority must submit the revocation proposals, and any objections or comments relating to the proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week of receiving the request.

Modification post determination
     42. —(1) Where the local education authority has determined the proposals, the authority may make modifications to the proposals, and where there has been a conditional approval, specify a later date by which the event in question must occur, at the request of the governing body at any time after determination but before implementation.

    (2) Where the adjudicator has determined the proposals, he may modify the proposals, and where there has been a conditional approval, specify a later date by which the event in question must occur, after consulting the governing body and the local education authority (unless they have proposed the modifications) at any time after determination but before implementation.

Proposals not falling to be implemented
     43. —(1) Where by virtue of paragraph 41(1), paragraph 40 (duty to implement) ceases to apply to any proposals, those proposals are to be treated for the purpose of this Schedule as if they had been rejected.

    (2) Where a conditional approval under paragraph 38 is given, and an event specified in that approval does not occur by the required date—

(a) paragraph 40 ceases to apply to the proposals,

(b) the proposals must be considered afresh by the local education authority or adjudicator (as the case may be) and paragraphs 30 to 42 apply accordingly.

    (2) Before approving any proposals with modifications, the adjudicator must consult the relevant governing body and local education authority (unless they proposed the modifications.)

    (3) Where proposals are approved by the adjudicator (whether with or without modifications) the approval may be conditional on the occurrence of an event prescribed in paragraph 38.

Referral to adjudicator post determination[27]
     33. —(1) For the purpose of section 21(2)(h), the prescribed persons at whose request proposals must, after their initial determination by the local education authority be referred to the adjudicator are—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the local education authority;

(b) the bishop of the diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the local education authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing, or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(d) where proposals relate to a foundation, voluntary school or a foundation special school—


(i) the governing body of the school to whom the proposal relates; and

(ii) the trustees of the school (if any);



(e) where proposals relate to a community school, and the proposal is an excepted expansion (as defined in paragraph 29), the governing body.

    (2) A request under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within 4 weeks of the initial determination by the authority.

    (3) Where a request is made under sub-paragraph (1) the authority must submit the proposals and any objection or commands made in relation to the proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week of receiving the request.

Provision for notification of decisions
     34. —(1) The local education authority must notify the following persons of each decision under paragraph 31, together with their reasons—

(a) the governing body;

(b) the trustees of the school (if any);

(c) the Secretary of State;

(d) where proposals include provision for 14-16 education or sixth form education, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(e) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(f) the bishop of any diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(g) where the proposals relate to a special school—


(i) the relevant Primary Care Trust for the area in which the school is situated, and

(ii) any NHS trust or NHS foundation trust responsible for a hospital or other provision in the area in which the school is situated;



(h) subject to sub-paragraph (3), each objector to the proposal; and

(i) the adjudicator.

    (2) In the case of any determination made by the adjudicator pursuant to paragraph 31(5) or 33, the adjudicator must notify the local education authority and the persons in sub-paragraphs (a) to (h) of sub-paragraph (1), of each decision, together with his reasons.

    (3) Where objections to a proposal take the form of a petition (that is to say a document containing the text of one objection signed by more than one objector) the authority or adjudicator (as the case may be) may comply with sub-paragraph (1) (h) by—

(a) notifying the person (if any) who appears to them to have arranged for the petition to be sent to the authority; or

(b) if there is no such person, notifying the objector whose name appears first on the petition.

Related Proposals
     35. —(1) Where proposals appear to be related to other proposals the local education authority or adjudicator, as the case may be, must consider related proposals together.

    (2) Where the authority are required under paragraph 31(5) or 33 to refer any proposals to the adjudicator, the authority must also within 1 week refer to the adjudicator any other proposals which appear to them to be related.

Determination of proposals where the school is transferring to a different local education authority
     36. —(1) This paragraph applies to the determination of any proposals for the transfer of the school to a new site falling within paragraphs 8, 11 and 17 of Schedule 4, where the new site is in an area other than that of the local education authority who maintain the school.

    (2) The local education authority who maintain the school ("Local Education Authority A") must send a copy of the proposals, together with all objections and comments received, to the local education authority for the area where it is proposed that the school will be situated ("Local Education Authority B").

    (3) Local Education Authority A must send the documents required under sub-paragraph (2) within 1 week of the end of the representation period.

    (4) Before determining the proposals in accordance with paragraph 30, Local Education Authority A must first seek the recommendation of Local Education Authority B on how the proposals should be determined.

    (5) Any determination made under sub-paragraph (1) must be made within the period of 2 months from the end of the representation period.

Transitional exemption orders under the Sex Discrimination Act 1975
     37. —(1) This paragraph applies to proposals for a school to cease to be an establishment which admits pupils of one sex only.

    (2) Where such proposals are published under paragraph 6 or paragraph 16 of Schedule 4, the local education authority must make an order under section 27 of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975.

    (3) Where—

(a) the authority have failed to make a transitional exemption order; or

(b) the authority refer the proposals to the adjudicator under paragraph 31(5) or 33,

they must refer the question whether to make a transitional exemption order to the adjudicator.

    (4) Where that question is referred to the adjudicator—

(a) he must consider the matter afresh, and

(b) he may make a transitional exemption order accordingly.

    (5) In this paragraph "make", in relation to the transitional exemption order, includes (so far as the context permits) vary or revoke;

Conditional approvals
     38. —(1) The following events are prescribed as specified events which (if the approval is expressed to take effect only if they occur) must occur by the date specified in the approval—

(a) the grant of planning permission under Part 3 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990[28];

(b) the acquisition of any site required for the implementation of the proposals;

(c) the acquisition of playing fields required for the implementation of the proposals;

(d) the securing of any necessary access to a site referred to in sub-paragraph (b) or playing fields referred to in sub-paragraph (c);

(e) the private finance credit approval given by the Department for Education and Skills following the entering into of a private finance contract by a local education authority;

(f) the entering into an agreement for any necessary building project supported by the Department for Education and Skills in connection with the programme known as "Building Schools for the Future";

(g) in the case of mainstream schools, the agreement to any change to the admission arrangements of any other school or schools, as specified in the approval;

(h) the making of any scheme relating to any charity connected with the school;

(i) the formation of any federation (within the meaning of section 24(2) of EA 2002) of which it is intended that the school should form part, or the fulfilling of any other condition relating to the school forming part of a federation;

(j) the Secretary of State giving approval under regulation 5(4) of the Education (Foundation Body)(England) Regulations 2000[29] to a proposal that a foundation body must be established and that the school must form part of a group for which a foundation must act;

(k) the Secretary of State making a declaration under regulation 22(3) of the Education (Foundation Body) (England) Regulations 2000 that the school must form part of a group for which a foundation body acts; and

(l) where the proposals in question depend upon any of the events specified in paragraphs (a) to (g) occurring by a specified date in relation to proposals relating to any other school or proposed school, the occurrence of such an event.

    (2) For the purpose of paragraph (g) above a change in admission arrangements is agreed—

(a) in the case where the change arises from the admission arrangements for the school year in question being different from the admission arrangements for the previous school year, if the admission arrangements are determined under section 89(4) of SSFA 1998 and either—


(i) no objection is made to the change in accordance with section 90 of SSFA 1998, or

(ii) if an objection to the change is made and referred to the adjudicator in accordance with section 90 of SSFA 1998, the objection is not upheld;



(b) in a case where the change arises from a variation made under section 89(5) of SSFA 1998 or made under The School Admissions (Alteration and Variation of, and Objections to, Arrangements) (England) Regulations 2007[30] where the variation is required to be referred to the adjudicator, if the adjudicator determines that the variation should have effect without modifications; and

(c) in a case where the change arises from a variation made under those regulations where the variation is not required to be referred to the adjudicator, when the variation is made.

Withdrawal of proposals
     39. Proposals may be withdrawn by the local education authority which published the proposals provided that—

(a) such proposals are withdrawn before any determination is made;

(b) in cases where the proposals have been referred to the adjudicator, written notice is given to the adjudicator and to the Secretary of State; and

(c) written notice is placed at the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one main entrance, all of them.

Duty to implement proposals
     40. —(1) Subject to the following provisions of this Schedule proposals must be implemented in the form in which they were approved.

    (2) Where the local education authority or adjudicator have approved any proposals then the proposals must be implemented in the form in which they were so approved.

    (3) Proposals must be implemented by the governing body and the local education authority, respectively, to such extent as the proposals provide for each of them to do so.

Revocation of proposals (after approval)
     41. —(1) If the local education authority, or adjudicator (where the original proposals were referred to him under paragraph 31(5) only, or a referral is made to him under sub-paragraph (8)), are satisfied that—

(a) implementation of proposals would be unreasonably difficult; or

(b) circumstances have so altered since approval was given that implementation would be inappropriate,

the authority or adjudicator as appropriate may determine that paragraph 40 (duty to implement) is to cease to apply to the proposals.

    (2) The authority or adjudicator (as the case may be) may only make a determination under sub-paragraph (1) where proposals have been published by the authority under sub-paragraph (3) ("revocation proposals").

    (3) Revocation proposals must contain—

(a) a description of the original proposals as published in accordance with section 19 (1);

(b) the date of publication of the original proposals;

(c) a statement as to why it is proposed that, in accordance with sub-paragraph (1), paragraph 40 should not apply in relation to the original proposals; and

(d) details of how copies of the original proposals can be obtained.

    (4) Revocation proposals must be published by—

(a) posting a copy in a conspicuous place in the area to be served by the school and at or near the main entrance to the school or, if there is more than one main entrance, all of them; and

(b) publishing them in at least one newspaper circulating in the area to be served by the school.

    (5) Any person may object to or comment on revocation proposals, and such objections and comments must be sent to the authority within 6 weeks of the date of publication of the proposals.

    (6) Where the original proposals were decided by the adjudicator pursuant to a reference to him under paragraph 31(5), the authority must refer the revocation proposals, together with any objections or comments in relation to them, to him within 2 weeks of the end of the representation period.

    (7) Where the authority determine revocation proposals, any determination must be made within a period ending 2 months after the end of the representation period.

    (8) If the authority do not make a determination within the period specified in sub-paragraph (7) they must refer the proposals to the adjudicator within 1 week from the end of that period.

    (9) The authority must notify the following persons of each decision taken under sub-paragraph (1) together with their reasons—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(d) where the proposals relate to a voluntary or foundation school, or a foundation special school—


(i) the governing body, and

(ii) the trustees of the school; and



(e) where the original proposal is an excepted expansion (as defined in paragraph 29(3)), the governing body.

    (10) The persons at whose request revocation proposals must after their determination by the authority be referred to the adjudicator are—

(a) the Diocesan Board of Education for any diocese of the Church of England any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(b) the bishop of a diocese of the Roman Catholic Church any part of which is comprised in the area of the authority;

(c) where proposals relate to a school providing or proposing to provide education for pupils aged 14 or over, the Learning and Skills Council for England;

(d) where proposals relate to a voluntary or foundation school or a foundation special school—


(i) the governing body, and

(ii) the trustees of the school; and



(e) where the proposal is an excepted expansion (as defined in paragraph 29(3)), the governing body.

    (11) A request under sub-paragraph (10) must be made within 4 weeks of the initial determination of the revocation proposals by the authority.

    (12) Where a request is made under sub-paragraph (10) the authority must submit the revocation proposals and any objections or comments relating to the proposals, to the adjudicator within 1 week of receiving the request.

Modification post determination
     42. —(1) Where the local education authority has determined the proposals the authority may make modifications to the proposals at any time after determination but before implementation, and where there has been a conditional approval, specify a later date by which the event in question must occur.

    (2) Where the adjudicator has determined the proposals he may modify the proposals and where there has been a conditional approval, specify a later date by which the event in question must occur, after consulting the governing body and the authority (unless they have proposed the modifications) at any time after determination but before implementation.

Proposals not falling to be implemented
     43. —(1) Where by virtue of paragraph 41(1), paragraph 40 (duty to implement) ceases to apply to any proposals, those proposals are to be treated for the purpose of this Schedule as if they had been rejected.

    (2) Where a conditional approval under paragraph 38 is given and an event specified in that approval does not occur by the required date—

(a) paragraph 40 ceases to apply to the proposals;

(b) the proposals must be considered afresh by the local education authority or the adjudicator (as the case may be) and paragraphs 30 to 42 apply accordingly.

except with the consent of the adjudicator.

    (2) Sub-paragraph (1) does not apply in relation to a disposal which is made in pursuance of a contract entered into, or an option granted, before the procedure for becoming a school of another category was initiated in relation to the school.

    (3) Where proposals for becoming a school of another category have been approved, the procedure for becoming a school of another category is not to be treated as terminated for the purposes of this paragraph in relation to any land, where agreement is required to be reached under paragraph 16 of this Schedule on any matter relating to that land, until the date on which that matter is finally determined.

    (4) A disposal or contract is not to be invalid or void by reason only that it has been made or entered into in contravention of this paragraph and a person acquiring land, or entering into a contract to acquire land, from a local authority need not be concerned to enquire whether any consent required by this paragraph has been given.

    (5) This paragraph has effect notwithstanding anything in section 123 of the Local Government Act 1972[31] (general power to dispose of land) and the consent required by this paragraph is in addition to any consent required by subsection (2) of that section.

    (6) In this paragraph—

(a) references to disposing of land include granting or disposing of any interest in land, and

(b) references to entering into a contract to dispose of land include granting an option to acquire land or such an interest.

     13. —(1) During any period when the procedure for becoming a school of another category is pending in relation to a school, a local authority must not, in relation to any land of the authority used or held for the purposes of the school, take without the consent of the adjudicator any action (including appropriation of the land for any purpose) by which the land ceases to any extent to be so used or held.

    (2) If in the case of any school—

(a) proposals that a school become a school of another category have been approved, and

(b) a local authority have, in relation to any land, taken any action in contravention of sub-paragraph (1),

the provisions relating to the transfer of property in this Schedule have effect as if, immediately before the implementation date in relation to the change of category, the property were used or held by the authority for the purposes for which it was used or held when the procedure for becoming a school of another category was initiated.

Provision of information
     14. Any local authority and governing body of a maintained school must give the adjudicator such information as he may require for the purposes of the exercise of his functions under these Regulations.

Division and apportionment of property
     15. —(1) Any property, rights and liabilities of a transferor held or used or subsisting—

(a) for purposes wider than that of the school; or

(b) partly for the purposes of the school and partly for other purposes

where the nature of the property, right or liability permits, is to be divided or apportioned between the transferor and the transferee, in such proportions as may be appropriate.

    (2) Where any estate or interest in land falls to be divided in accordance with sub-paragraph (1)—

(a) any rent payable under a lease in respect of that estate or interest; and

(b) any rent charged on that estate or interest

must be correspondingly divided or apportioned so that each part is payable in respect of, or charged on, only one part of the estate or interest and the other part or parts are payable in respect of, or charged on, only the other part or parts of the estate or interest.

    (3) Any such property, right or liability as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) the nature of which does not permit its division or apportionment as so mentioned must be transferred to the transferee or retained by the transferor according to—

(a) in the case of an estate or interest in land, whether on the transfer date the transferor or the transferee appears to be in greater need of the security afforded by that estate or interest or, where neither of them appears to be in greater need of that security, which of them appears on that date to be likely to make use of the land to the greater extent; or

(b) in the case of any other right or liability, which of them appears on the transfer date to be likely to be affected by the right or liability to the greater extent

subject (in either case) to such arrangements for the protection of the other person concerned as may be agreed between the transferor and the transferee or determined by the adjudicator under paragraph 17.

Identification of property, rights and liabilities
     16. —(1) The transferor and the transferee must arrive at such written agreements, and execute such other instruments, as are necessary or expedient to identify or define the property, rights and liabilities transferred to the transferee or retained by the transferor, or for making any such arrangements as are mentioned in paragraph 15 as will afford to the transferor and the transferee as against one another such rights and safeguards as they may require for the proper discharge of their respective functions.

    (2) Any such agreement may provide so far as it is expedient—

(a) for the granting of leases and for the creation of other liabilities and rights over land whether amounting in law to interests in land or not, and whether involving the surrender of any existing interest or the creation of a new interest or not;

(b) for the granting of indemnities in connection with the severance of leases and other matters;

(c) for responsibility for registration of any matter in any description of statutory register.

    (3) If and to the extent that he is requested to do so by the transferor or the transferee, the adjudicator may—

(a) assist the transferor, the transferee and any other interested person in identifying or defining the property, rights and liabilities transferred to the transferee or retained by the transferor;

(b) advise such persons as to the terms of any agreement or instrument falling to be made under sub-paragraph (1) above;

(c) assist such persons to negotiate any such agreement or instrument and mediate in any such negotiations;

(d) prepare drafts of any such agreement or instrument; and

(e) assist the parties in executing and giving effect to any such agreement or instrument.

    (4) Any transfer of any estate or interest in land under these Regulations (whether by virtue of an agreement or instrument entered into before or after the implementation date) is to be regarded as having taken place on the implementation date.

Resolution of disputes
     17. —(1) In the case of any matter on which agreement is required to be reached under paragraph 15 or 16, if such an agreement has not been reached within a period of 6 months from the implementation date, the adjudicator may give a direction determining that matter, and may include in the direction any provision which may have been included in an agreement under paragraph 15 or 16.

    (2) Any property, rights or liabilities required by a direction under this paragraph to be transferred to the transferee must be regarded as having been transferred to, and by virtue of this Schedule vested in, the transferee on the implementation date.

    (3) The adjudicator must consult the transferor, the transferee and any other interested person before giving a direction under this paragraph.

Right to production of documents of title
     18. —(1) Where a transfer to which this Schedule applies relates to registered land, the transferor must execute any instrument under the Land Registration Acts 1925 to 2002[32], deliver any certificate under those Acts, and do such other things under those Acts as he would be required to execute, deliver or do in the case of a transfer by agreement between the transferor and the transferee.

    (2) Where on any transfer to which this Schedule applies the transferor is entitled to retain possession of any documents relating in part to the title to any land or other property transferred to the transferee, the transferor must be treated as having given to the transferee an acknowledgment in writing of the right of the transferee to production of that document and to delivery of copies of it; and section 64 of the Law of Property Act 1925[33] has effect accordingly, and on the basis that the acknowledgment did not contain any such expression of contrary intention as is mentioned in that section.

Proof of title by certificate
     19. The adjudicator may issue a certificate stating that any property specified in the certificate, or any interest in or right over any such property as may be so specified, or any right or liability so specified, was or was not transferred by virtue of these Regulations to any body corporate or persons so specified; and any such certificate is to be conclusive evidence for all purposes of that fact.

Construction of agreements
     20. —(1) Where in the case of any transfer to which this Schedule applies any rights or liabilities transferred are rights or liabilities under an agreement to which the transferor was a party immediately before the transfer date, the agreement , unless the context otherwise requires, has effect on and after the transfer date as if—

(a) the transferee had been a party to the agreement;

(b) for any reference (whether express or implied and, if express, however worded) to the transferor there were substituted, as respects anything falling to be done on or after the transfer date, a reference to the transferee;

(c) any reference (whether express or implied and, if express, however worded) to a specified officer of the transferor or a person employed by the transferor in a specified capacity were, as respects anything falling to be done on or after the transfer date, a reference to such person as the transferee may appoint or, in default of appointment, to an officer or employee of the transferee who corresponds as closely as possible to the person referred to in the agreement;

(d) where the agreement refers to property, rights or liabilities which fall to be apportioned or divided between the transferor and the transferee, the agreement constituted two separate agreements separately enforceable by and against the transferor and the transferee as regards the part of the property, rights or liabilities retained by the transferor or (as the case may be) the part vesting in the transferee, and not as regards the other part;

and paragraph (d) applies in particular to the covenants, stipulations and conditions of any lease by or to the transferor.

    (2) This paragraph applies to any agreement whether in writing or not and whether or not of such a nature that rights and liabilities under it could be assigned by the transferor.

     21. —(1) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph 20 , the transferee under a transfer to which this Schedule applies and any other person must, as from the implementation date, have the same rights, powers and remedies (and in particular the same rights and powers as to the taking or resisting of legal proceedings or the making or resisting of applications to any authority) for ascertaining, perfecting or enforcing any right or liability transferred to and vested in the transferee by virtue of these regulations as he would have had if that right or liability had at all times been a right or liability of the transferee.

    (2) Any legal proceedings or applications to any authority pending on the transfer date by or against the transferor, in so far as they relate to any property, right or liability transferred to the transferee by virtue of these regulations, or to any agreement relating to any such property, right or liability, must be continued by or against the transferee to the exclusion of the transferor.

Third parties affected by vesting provisions
     22. —(1) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraphs 20 to 21, any transaction effected between a transferor and a transferee in pursuance of paragraph 15 or of a direction under paragraph 17 is binding on all other persons, even if it would, apart from this sub-paragraph, have required the consent or concurrence of any person other than the transferor and the transferee.

    (2) If as a result of any such transaction any person's rights or liabilities become enforceable as to part by or against the transferor and as to part by or against the transferee, the adjudicator must give that person written notification of that fact.

    (3) If in consequence of a transfer to which this Schedule applies or of anything done in pursuance of the provisions of this Schedule—

(a) the rights or liabilities of any person other than the transferor or the transferee which were enforceable against or by the transferor become enforceable as to part against or by the transferor and as to part against or by the transferee; and

(b) the value of any property or interest of that person is thereby diminished;

such compensation as may be just must be paid to the that person by the transferor, the transferee or both.

    (4) Any dispute as to whether and if so how much compensation is payable under sub-paragraph (3), or as to the person to whom it must be paid, must be referred to and determined by the adjudicator.

     23. In this Schedule—

"relevant purposes" means—

(a) in relation to a transfer to a school's foundation body, the purposes of the schools comprising the group for which the body acts; or

(b) in relation to a transfer to a school's governing body, the purposes of the school;

"transferor" and "transferee" mean the transferor and transferee under any transfer to which this Schedule applies.

[2] 2006 c.40.back

[3] 2002 c.32.back

[4] 2005 c.18.back

[5] 1998 c.31.back

[6] S.I 2007/957.back

[7] S.I 2007/1287.back

[8] 1995 c.50. Section 28D was inserted by section 14(1) of the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001. (c. 10)back

[9] Section 89 was amended by Schedule 4 to EA 2002, and section 89A was inserted by section 47(2) of EA 2002.back

[10] ISBN 1 84185 610 X.back

[11] 2004 c. 31.back

[12] 2006 c.26.back

[13] 1992 c.13.back

[14] 2006 c.41.back

[15] 1996 c.56. Section 312 was amended by section 57(1) and paragraph 23 of Schedule 7 to the Education Act 1997 (c.44); section 140(1) and (3), and paragraph 71(a) and (b) of Schedule 30 to SSFA 1998; section 149 of, and paragraphs 1 and 56 of Schedule 9 to the Learning and Skills Act 2000 (c.21), and section 6(2) and paragraphs 2 and 3 of Schedule 1 to the Act.back

[16] These are capable of being proposed by a local education authority in accordance with section 19(2)(b).back

[17] These are capable of being proposed by a local education authority in accordance with section 19(2)(c).back

[18] Section 23A was inserted by section 34 of the Act.back

[19] Early Years Development and Child Care Partnerships are required to be established by section 119 of SSFA which is prospectively amended so as not to apply in England by paragraph 32 of Schedule 2 to the Childcare Act 2006 (c.21).back

[20] As required by section 23(1) of the Act.back

[21] Section 23A was inserted by section 33(1) of the Act.back

[22] 1975 c.65. Section 27 is amended by paragraph 3 of Schedule 3 to the Act.back

[23] Early Years Development and Child Care Partnerships are required to be established by section 119 of SSFA 1998 which is prospectively amended so as not to apply in England by paragraph 32 of Schedule 2 to the Childcare Act 2006(c.21)back

[24] 1990 c.8.back

[25] S.I. 2000/2872.back

[26] S.I. 2007/496.back

[27] As required by section 23(4) of the Act.back

[28] 1990 c.8.back

[29] S.I 2000/2872.back

[30] S.I. 2007/496.back

[31] 1972 c.70.back

[32] 1925 c.21, 1987 c.2, and 2002 c.9.back

[33] 1925 c.20.back

 © Crown copyright 2007