Citation, commencement and interpretation

1.—(1) This Order may be cited as the Social Security (Iceland) (Liechtenstein) (Norway) Order 2023.

(2) This article and article 4 of this Order come into force on the day after this Order is made.

(3) Articles 2 and 3 of this Order come into force—

(a) in relation to the United Kingdom and the first EEA EFTA State to notify the Depositary in accordance with Article 74(1) and (2) (Entry into force) of the Convention set out in the Schedule to this Order, on the first day of the month following the later of the dates on which the Depositary receives the notification of that EEA EFTA State and the United Kingdom( 3); and

(b) in relation to an EEA EFTA State which notifies the Depositary after the notification given by the EEA EFTA State referred to in sub-paragraph (a) in accordance with Article 74(1) and (3) of the Convention set out in the Schedule to this Order, on the first day of the month following the date on which the Depositary receives the notification of that EEA EFTA State.

(4) In this Order—

(a) “the Depositary” is to be interpreted in accordance with Article 73(2) (Authentic text and depositary) of the Convention set out in the Schedule to this Order; and

(b) “ EEA EFTA State” has the meaning given to it in Article 1(o) (Definitions) of the Convention set out in the Schedule to this Order.

Modification of legislation

2.—(1) The legislation to which this paragraph applies is modified to the extent required to give effect to the provisions contained in the Convention set out in the Schedule to this Order, so far as they relate to England, Wales and Scotland.

(2) Subject to paragraph(3), paragraph(1)applies to—

(a) the Social Security Administration Act 1992( 4);

(b) the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992( 5);

(c) the Jobseekers Act 1995( 6);

(d) Chapter 2 of Part 1 of the Social Security Act 1998( 7);

(e) Part 2 of the Social Security Contributions (Transfer of Functions, etc.) Act 1999( 8);

(f) the State Pension Credit Act 2002( 9);

(g) Part 1 of the Welfare Reform Act 2007( 10);

(h) Parts 1 and 4 of the Welfare Reform Act 2012( 11);

(i) Parts 1 and 5 of the Pensions Act 2014( 12);

(j) the following as they form part of domestic law by virtue of section 3 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018( 13)—

(i) Regulation (EC) No 883/2004of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the coordination of social security systems;

(ii) Regulation (EC) No 987/2009of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 laying down the procedure for implementing Regulation 883/2004; and

(k) regulations within the scope of section 179(5) of the Social Security Administration Act 1992( 14).

(3) Paragraph(1)does not modify any legislation so far as it would be within the legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament to make such modification.

(4) Paragraph(1)also applies to Part 3 of the Social Security Contributions (Transfer of Functions, etc.) (Northern Ireland) Order 1999( 15) so far as such provision relates to Northern Ireland.

Variation of Orders

3.  The Social Security (Iceland) Order 1985( 16) and the Social Security (Norway) Order 1991( 17) are varied in accordance with Article 78 (Relationship with pre-existing Social Security Coordination Agreements) of the Convention set out in the Schedule to this Order, so far as they relate to England, Wales and Scotland.

Amendment of the Social Security (Norway) Order 2020 and the Social Security (Switzerland) Order 2021

4.—(1) The Social Security (Norway) Order 2020( 18) is amended as follows.

(a) In Article 2(3), omit “, unless regulation 3 of the Scotland Act 2016 (Transitional) Regulations 2017 applies to functions conferred on a Minister of the Crown in respect of that devolved competence”.

(b) In Article 2(4), for “Part 2”, substitute “Part 3”.

(2) The Social Security (Switzerland) Order 2021( 19) is amended as follows.

(a) In Article 2(3), omit “, unless regulation 3 of the Scotland Act 2016 (Transitional) Regulations 2017 applies to functions conferred on a Minister of the Crown in respect of that devolved competence”.

(b) In Article 2(4), for “Part 2”, substitute “Part 3”.

Articles 1, 2 and 3

SCHEDULE Convention on Social Security Coordination between Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;

NOTING that the United Kingdom withdrew from the European Union on 31 January 2020 and ceased applying the Agreement on the European Economic Area with effect from 1 January 2021;

RECOGNISING the importance of the coordination of social security rights enjoyed by persons moving between the States to work, to stay or to reside, as well as the rights enjoyed by their family members and survivors;

Have agreed as follows:

For the purposes of this Convention, the following definitions apply:

(a) “ the 1983 Convention” means the 1983 Convention on Social Security between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Iceland, signed in Reykjavik on 25 August 1983;

(b) “ the 1990 Convention” means the Convention on Social Security between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway, signed in Oslo on 19 June 1990;

(c) “ activity as an employed person” means any activity or equivalent situation treated as such for the purposes of the social security legislation of the State in which such activity or equivalent situation exists;

(d) “ activity as a self-employed person” means any activity or equivalent situation treated as such for the purposes of the social security legislation of the State in which such activity or equivalent situation exists;

(e) “ activity in the continental shelf area” means an activity which occurs in the continental shelf area in connection with the exploration of the seabed or subsoil or the exploitation of the natural resources of the continental shelf area;

(f) “ assisted reproduction services” means any medical, surgical or obstetric services provided for the purpose of assisting a person to carry a child;

(g) “ benefits in kind” means:

(i) for the purposes of Chapter 1 of Title III, benefits in kind provided for under the legislation of a State which are intended to supply, make available, pay directly or reimburse the cost of medical care and products and services ancillary to that care;

(ii) for the purposes of Chapter 2 of Title III, all benefits in kind relating to accidents at work and occupational diseases as defined in sub-paragraph (i) of this definition and provided for under the States’ accidents at work and occupational diseases schemes;

(h) “ civil servant” means a person considered to be such or treated as such by the State to which the administration employing them is subject;

(i) “ competent authority” means, in respect of each State, the Minister, Ministers or other equivalent authority responsible for social security schemes throughout or in any part of the State in question;

(j) “ competent institution” means:

(i) the institution with which the person concerned is insured at the time of the application for benefit; or

(ii) the institution from which the person concerned is or would be entitled to benefits if that person or a member or members of their family resided in the State in which the institution is situated; or

(iii) the institution designated by the competent authority of the State concerned; or

(iv) in the case of a scheme relating to an employer’s obligations in respect of the benefits set out in Article 6, either the employer or the insurer involved or, in default thereof, the body or authority designated by the competent authority of the State concerned;

(k) “ competent State” means the State in which the competent institution is situated;

(l) “ continental shelf area” means, in relation to the United Kingdom, any area outside the territorial sea of the United Kingdom which in accordance with international law has been designated, under the laws of the United Kingdom concerning the continental shelf, as an area within which the rights of the United Kingdom with respect to the seabed and subsoil and their natural resources may be exercised; and, in relation to Norway, the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas that extend beyond the territorial sea of the Kingdom of Norway which, in accordance with international law, are subject to Norwegian sovereign rights in respect of the exploration and exploitation of natural resources;

(m) “ death grant” means any one-off payment in the event of death, excluding the lump-sum benefits referred to in sub-paragraph (ff);

(n) “ EEA EFTA Separation Agreement” means the Agreement on arrangements between Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland following the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, the European Economic Area Agreement and other agreements applicable between the United Kingdom and the EEA EFTA States by virtue of the United Kingdom’s membership of the European Union, signed in London on 28 January 2020;

(o) “ EEA EFTA State” means each of Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein (“Liechtenstein”) and/or the Kingdom of Norway (“Norway”), collectively the “EEA EFTA States”;

(p) “ electronic exchange” means a system for the exchange of social security information using transmission by electronic means;

(q) “ family benefit” means all benefits in kind or in cash intended to meet family expenses;

(r) “ frontier worker” means any person pursuing an activity as an employed or self-employed person in a State and who resides in another State to which that person returns as a rule daily or at least once a week;

(s) “ home base” means the place from where the crew member normally starts and ends a duty period or a series of duty periods, and where, under normal conditions, the operator/airline is not responsible for the accommodation of the crew member concerned;

(t) “ institution” means, in respect of each State, the body or authority responsible for applying all or part of the legislation;

(u) “institution of the place of residence” and “institution of the place of stay” mean, respectively, the institution which is competent to provide benefits in the place where the person concerned resides and the institution which is competent to provide benefits in the place where the person concerned is staying, in accordance with the legislation administered by that institution or, where no such institution exists, the institution designated by the competent authority of the State concerned;

(v) “ insured person”, in relation to the social security branches covered by Chapters 1and 3 of Title III, means any person satisfying the conditions required under the legislation of the State competent under Title II in order to have the right to benefits, taking into account the provisions of this Convention;

(w) “ Joint Administrative Committee” means the committee established under Article 70 of this Convention.

(x) “ legal residence” means residence or stay in accordance with the relevant State’s immigration laws;

(y) “ legislation” means, in respect of each State, laws, regulations and other statutory provisions and all other implementing measures relating to the social security branches covered by Article 6(1), but excludes contractual provisions other than those which serve to implement an insurance obligation arising from the laws and regulations referred to in this sub-paragraph or which have been the subject of a decision by the public authorities which makes them obligatory or extends their scope, provided that the State concerned makes a declaration to that effect, notified to the other States and to the Joint Administrative Committee;

(z) “ long-term care benefit” means a benefit in kind or in cash the purpose of which is to address the care needs of a person who, on account of impairment, requires considerable assistance, including but not limited to assistance from another person or persons to carry out essential activities of daily living for an extended period of time in order to support their personal autonomy; this includes benefits granted for the same purpose to a person providing such assistance;

(aa) “ member of the family” means:

(i) (A) any person defined or recognised as a member of the family or designated as a member of the household by the legislation under which benefits are provided;

(B) with regard to benefits in kind pursuant to Chapter 1 of Title III, any person defined or recognised as a member of the family or designated as a member of the household by the legislation of the State in which that person resides;

(ii) if the legislation of a State which is applicable under sub-paragraph (i) does not make a distinction between the members of the family and other persons to whom it is applicable, the spouse, minor children, and dependent children who have reached the age of majority shall be considered members of the family;

(iii) if, under the legislation which is applicable under sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii), a person is considered a member of the family or member of the household only if that person lives in the same household as the insured person or pensioner, this condition shall be considered satisfied if the person in question is mainly dependent on the insured person or pensioner;

(bb) “ obligation of professional secrecy” means an obligation to protect information subject to such an obligation effectively through appropriate security, technical and organisational measures and prevent unauthorised access, unauthorised modification and unauthorised disclosure of such information;

(cc) “period of employment” or “period of self-employment” mean periods so defined or recognised by the legislation under which they were completed, and all periods treated as such, where they are regarded by that legislation as equivalent to periods of employment or to periods of self-employment;

(dd) “ period of insurance” means periods of contribution, employment or self-employment as defined or recognised as periods of insurance by the legislation under which they were completed or considered as completed, and all periods treated as such, where they are regarded by that legislation as equivalent to periods of insurance;

(ee) “ period of residence” means periods so defined or recognised by the legislation under which they were completed or considered as completed;

(ff) “pension” covers not only pensions but also lump-sum benefits which can be substituted for them and payments in the form of reimbursement of contributions and, subject to the provisions of Title III, revaluation increases or supplementary allowances;

(gg) “ personal data” means any data concerning or relating to an identified or identifiable natural person;

(hh) “ refugee” has the meaning assigned to it in Article 1 of the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, signed in Geneva on 28 July 1951;

(ii) “ registered office or place of business” means the registered office or place of business where the essential decisions of the undertaking are adopted and where the functions of its central administration are carried out;

(jj) “residence”, except in Article 3, means the place where a person habitually resides;

(kk) “ special non-contributory cash benefits” means those non-contributory cash benefits which:

(i) are intended to provide either:

(A) supplementary, substitute or ancillary cover against the risks covered by the branches of social security referred to in Article 6(1), and which guarantee the persons concerned a minimum subsistence income having regard to the economic and social situation in the State concerned; or

(B) solely specific protection for the disabled, closely linked to the said person’s social environment in the State concerned, and

(ii) where the financing exclusively derives from compulsory taxation intended to cover general public expenditure and the conditions for providing and for calculating the benefits are not dependent on any contribution in respect of the beneficiary. However, benefits provided to supplement a contributory benefit shall not be considered to be contributory benefits for this reason alone;

(ll) “special scheme for civil servants”, means any social security scheme which is different from the general social security scheme applicable to employed persons in the State concerned and to which all, or certain categories of, civil servants are directly subject;

(mm) “ State” means each of the United Kingdom, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, collectively “States”;

(nn) “ stateless person” has the meaning assigned to it in Article 1 of the Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, signed in New York on 28 September 1954;

(oo) “ stay” means temporary residence.

This Convention applies to persons, including stateless persons and refugees, who are or have been subject to the legislation of one or more States, as well as to the members of their families and their survivors.

(1) This Convention applies to persons legally residing in an EEA EFTA State or the United Kingdom.

(2) Paragraph (1) shall not affect entitlements to cash benefits which relate to previous periods of legal residence of persons covered by Article 2.

(1) This Convention shall only apply to situations arising between one or more of the EEA EFTA States and the United Kingdom.

(2) Subject to paragraph (3), this Convention shall not apply to persons whose situations are confined in all respects either to the United Kingdom, or one or more of the EEA EFTA States.

(3) This Convention shall not apply to persons whose situations are confined in all respects either to the United Kingdom and the continental shelf area of the United Kingdom, or Norway and the continental shelf area of Norway.

(1) This Convention applies, on the one hand, to the individual EEA EFTA States and, on the other hand, to the United Kingdom.

(2) The provisions of this Convention shall not apply to the Norwegian territories of Svalbard and Jan Mayen.

(1) This Convention applies to the following branches of social security:

(a) sickness benefits;

(b) maternity and equivalent paternity benefits;

(c) invalidity benefits;

(d) old-age benefits;

(e) survivors’ benefits;

(f) benefits in respect of accidents at work and occupational diseases;

(g) death grants; and

(h) unemployment benefits.

(2) In accordance with Article 70(3)(d), the Joint Administrative Committee may prepare and maintain a list of cash benefits which the competent authorities confirm fall within the branches of social security listed at paragraph (1).

(3) Unless otherwise provided for in Annex 7, this Convention applies to general and special social security schemes, whether contributory or non-contributory, and to schemes relating to the obligations of an employer or ship-owner.

(4) The provisions of Title III do not, however, affect the legislative provisions of any State concerning a ship-owner’s obligations.

(5) This Convention does not apply to:

(a) special non-contributory cash benefits which are listed in Part 1 of Annex 2;

(b) social and medical assistance;

(c) benefits in relation to which a State assumes the liability for damages to persons and provides for compensation, such as those for victims of war and military action or their consequences; victims of crime, assassination, or terrorist acts; victims of damage occasioned by agents of the State in the course of their duties; or victims who have suffered a disadvantage for political or religious reasons or for reasons of descent;

(d) long-term care benefits which are listed in Part 2 of Annex 2;

(e) assisted reproduction services;

(f) payments which are connected to a branch of social security listed in paragraph (1) and which are:

(i) paid to meet expenses for heating in cold weather; and

(ii) listed in Part 3 of Annex 2;

(g) family benefits;

(h) pre-retirement benefits;

(i) Liechtenstein old-age, survivors’ and invalidity benefits under the statutory occupational benefit plans;

(j) any special scheme for civil servants; or

(k) Norway pension schemes under the Act on Mandatory Occupational Pensions.

(1) This Convention applies without prejudice to the EEA EFTA Separation Agreement.

(2) Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as requiring a State to act in a manner inconsistent with its obligations under agreements with third countries.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for in this Convention, as regards the branches of social security and benefits covered by Article 6(1), persons to whom this Convention applies shall enjoy the same benefits and be subject to the same obligations under the legislation of any State as the nationals thereof.

(2) This provision does not apply to the matters referred to in Article 6(5).

Unless otherwise provided for in this Convention, the States shall ensure the application of the principle of equal treatment of benefits, income, facts or events in the following manner:

(a) where, under the legislation of the competent State, the receipt of social security benefits and other income has certain legal effects, the relevant provisions of that legislation shall also apply to the receipt of equivalent benefits acquired under the legislation of another State or to income acquired in another State;

(b) where, under the legislation of the competent State, legal effects are attributed to the occurrence of certain facts or events, that State shall take account of like facts or events that have occurred in any other State as though they had taken place in its own territory.

Unless otherwise provided for in this Convention, the competent institution of a State shall, to the extent necessary, take into account periods of insurance, employment, self-employment or residence completed under the legislation of any other State as though they were periods completed under the legislation which it applies, where its legislation makes conditional upon the completion of periods of insurance, employment, self-employment or residence:

(a) the acquisition, retention, duration or recovery of the right to benefits;

(b) the coverage by legislation; or

(c) the access to or the exemption from compulsory, optional continued or voluntary insurance.

The States shall ensure the application of the principle of exportability of cash benefits in accordance with sub-paragraphs (a) and (b):

(a) Cash benefits payable under the legislation of a State or under this Convention shall not be subject to any reduction, amendment, suspension, withdrawal or confiscation on account of the fact that the beneficiary or the members of their family reside in a State other than that in which the institution responsible for providing benefits is situated.

(b) Sub-paragraph (a) does not apply to the cash benefits covered by Article 6(1)(c) and (h).

Unless otherwise provided, this Convention shall neither confer nor maintain the right to several benefits of the same kind for one and the same period of compulsory insurance.

(1) Persons to whom this Convention applies shall be subject to the legislation of a single State only. Such legislation shall be determined in accordance with this Title.

(2) For the purposes of this Title, persons receiving cash benefits because or as a consequence of their activity as an employed or self-employed person shall be considered to be pursuing the said activity. This shall not apply to invalidity, old-age, or survivors’ pensions or to pensions in respect of accidents at work or occupational diseases or to sickness benefits in cash covering treatment for an unlimited period.

(3) Subject to Articles 14 to 18:

(a) a person pursuing an activity as an employed or self-employed person in a State shall be subject to the legislation of that State;

(b) a civil servant shall be subject to the legislation of the State to which the administration employing them is subject;

(c) a person called up or recalled for service in the armed forces or for civilian service in a State shall be subject to the legislation of that State;

(d) any other person to whom sub-paragraphs (a) to (c) do not apply shall be subject to the legislation of the State of residence, without prejudice to other provisions of this Convention guaranteeing them benefits under the legislation of one or more other States.

(4) For the purposes of this Title, an activity as an employed or self-employed person normally pursued on board a vessel at sea flying the flag of a State shall be deemed to be an activity pursued in the territory of said State. However, a person employed on board a vessel flying the flag of a State and remunerated for such activity by an undertaking or a person whose registered office or place of business is in the territory of another State shall be subject to the legislation of the latter State if that person resides in the territory of that State. The undertaking or person paying the remuneration shall be considered as the employer for the purposes of the said legislation.

(5) An activity as a flight crew or cabin crew member performing air passenger or freight services shall be deemed to be an activity pursued in the territory of the State where the home base is located.

(1) A person who pursues an activity as an employed person in the territory of a State for an employer which normally carries out its activities there and who is sent by that employer to the territory of another State to perform work on that employer’s behalf shall continue to be subject to the legislation of the first State, provided that:

(a) the anticipated duration of such work does not exceed 24 months; and

(b) that person is not sent to replace another detached worker.

(2) A person who normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person in the territory of a State who goes to pursue a similar activity in the territory of another State shall continue to be subject to the legislation of the first State, provided that the anticipated duration of such activity does not exceed 24 months.

(3) This Article shall not apply to any person to whom Article 16 applies.

(1) A person who normally pursues an activity as an employed person in one or more EEA EFTA States as well as in the United Kingdom shall be subject to:

(a) the legislation of the State of residence if that person pursues a substantial part of their activity in that State; or

(b) if that person does not pursue a substantial part of their activity in the State of residence:

(i) the legislation of the State in which the registered office or place of business of the undertaking or employer is situated if that person is employed by one undertaking or employer; or

(ii) the legislation of the State in which the registered office or place of business of the undertakings or employers is situated if that person is employed by two or more undertakings or employers which have their registered office or place of business in only one State; or

(iii) the legislation of the State in which the registered office or place of business of the undertaking or employer is situated other than the State of residence if that person is employed by two or more undertakings or employers, which have their registered office or place of business in an EEA EFTA State and the United Kingdom, one of which is the State of residence; or

(iv) the legislation of the State of residence if that person is employed by two or more undertakings or employers, at least two of which have their registered office or place of business in different States other than the State of residence.

(2) A person who normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person in one or more EEA EFTA States as well as in the United Kingdom shall be subject to:

(a) the legislation of the State of residence if that person pursues a substantial part of their activity in that State; or

(b) the legislation of the State in which the centre of interest of their activities is situated, if that person does not reside in one of the States in which that person pursues a substantial part of their activity.

(3) A person who normally pursues an activity as an employed person and an activity as a self-employed person in two or more States shall be subject to the legislation of the State in which that person pursues an activity as an employed person or, if that person pursues such an activity in two or more States, to the legislation determined in accordance with paragraph (1).

(4) A person who is employed as a civil servant by a State and who pursues an activity as an employed person or as a self-employed person in one or more other States shall be subject to the legislation of the State to which the administration employing that person is subject.

(5) A person who normally pursues an activity as an employed person in two or more EEA EFTA States (and not in the United Kingdom) shall be subject to the legislation of the United Kingdom if that person does not pursue a substantial part of that activity in the State of residence and that person:

(a) is employed by one or more undertakings or employers, all of which have their registered office or place of business in the United Kingdom;

(b) resides in an EEA EFTA State and is employed by two or more undertakings or employers, all of which have their registered office or place of business in the United Kingdom and the EEA EFTA State of residence;

(c) resides in the United Kingdom and is employed by two or more undertakings or employers, at least two of which have their registered office or place of business in different EEA EFTA States; or

(d) resides in the United Kingdom and is employed by one or more undertakings or employers, none of which have a registered office or place of business in another State.

(6) A person who normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person in two or more EEA EFTA States (and not in the United Kingdom), without pursuing a substantial part of that activity in the State of residence, shall be subject to the legislation of the United Kingdom if the centre of interest of their activity is situated in the United Kingdom.

(7) Paragraph (6) shall not apply in the case of a person who normally pursues an activity as an employed person and as a self-employed person in two or more EEA EFTA States.

(8) Persons referred to in paragraphs (1) to (6) shall be treated, for the purposes of the legislation determined in accordance with these provisions, as though they were pursuing all their activities as employed or self-employed persons and were receiving all their income in the State concerned.

(9) This Article shall not apply to any person to whom Article 16 applies.

(1) An employed person who is resident in and subject to the legislation of either Norway or the United Kingdom immediately before they are sent by their employer, who has a registered office or place of business in either Norway or the United Kingdom, to pursue an activity in the continental shelf area of the other State, shall continue to be subject to the legislation of their State of residence.

(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply in the case of a person who is sent from Norway to the United Kingdom to pursue an activity in the continental shelf area, unless the person is on a Norwegian payroll as determined by the legislation of Norway.

(3) A self-employed person who is resident in and subject to the legislation of either Norway or the United Kingdom immediately before they pursue an activity in the continental shelf area of the other State, shall continue to be subject to the legislation of their State of residence.

(4) A person travelling in the course of their employment or self-employment, in connection with undertaking an activity in the continental shelf area, between the territory of the United Kingdom or Norway and either State’s continental shelf area in either direction or travelling between different parts of the continental shelf area of either State, shall be treated as if they were employed in the territory of the State whose legislation applies in accordance with this Article.

(5) This Article shall not apply to any person to whom Article 13(4) and (5) applies.

(1) Articles 13 to 16 do not apply to voluntary insurance or to optional continued insurance unless, in respect of one of the branches or benefits referred to in Article 6, only a voluntary scheme of insurance exists in a State.

(2) Where, by virtue of the legislation of a State, the person concerned is subject to compulsory insurance in that State, that person may not be subject to a voluntary insurance scheme or an optional continued insurance scheme in another State. In all other cases in which, for a given branch, there is a choice between several voluntary insurance schemes or optional continued insurance schemes, the person concerned shall join only the scheme of their choice.

(3) However, in respect of invalidity, old-age and survivors’ benefits, the person concerned may join the voluntary or optional continued insurance scheme of a State, even if that person is compulsorily subject to the legislation of another State, provided that that person has been subject, at some stage in their career, to the legislation of the first State because or as a consequence of an activity as an employed or self-employed person and if such overlapping is explicitly or implicitly allowed under the legislation of the first State.

(4) Where the legislation of a State makes admission to voluntary insurance or optional continued insurance conditional upon residence in that State or upon previous activity as an employed or self-employed person, Article 9(b) applies only to persons who have been subject, at some earlier stage, to the legislation of that State on the basis of an activity as an employed or self-employed person.

(1) Two or more States, the competent authorities of these States, or the bodies designated by these authorities, may by common agreement provide for exceptions to Articles 13 to 17 in the interest of certain persons or categories of persons.

(2) A person who receives a pension or pensions under the legislation of one or more States and who resides in another State may at that person’s request be exempted from application of the legislation of the latter State, provided that they are not subject to that legislation on account of pursuing an activity as an employed or self- employed person.

(1) An employer who has its registered office or place of business outside the competent State shall fulfil all the obligations laid down by the legislation applicable to its employees, notably the obligation to pay the contributions provided for by that legislation, as if it had its registered office or place of business in the competent State.

(2) An employer who does not have a place of business in the State whose legislation is applicable and the employee may agree that the latter may fulfil the employer’s obligations on its behalf as regards the payment of contributions without prejudice to the employer’s underlying obligations. The employer shall send notice of such an arrangement to the competent institution of that State.

This Convention applies without prejudice to the right of a State to charge a health fee under national legislation in connection with an application for a permit to enter, to stay, to work, or to reside in that State.

An insured person or members of their family who reside in a State other than the competent State shall receive in the State of residence benefits in kind provided, on behalf of the competent institution, by the institution of the place of residence, in accordance with the legislation it applies, as though the persons concerned were insured under the said legislation.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for by paragraph (2), the insured person and the members of their family referred to in Article 21 shall also be entitled to benefits in kind while staying in the competent State. The benefits in kind shall be provided by the competent institution and at its own expense, in accordance with the legislation it applies, as though the persons concerned resided in that State.

(2) The members of the family of a frontier worker shall be entitled to benefits in kind during their stay in the competent State.

Where the competent State is listed in Annex 3 however, the members of the family of a frontier worker who reside in the same State as the frontier worker shall be entitled to benefits in kind in the competent State only under the conditions laid down in Article 23.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for by paragraph (2), an insured person and the members of their family staying in a State other than the competent State shall be entitled to benefits in kind, provided on behalf of the competent institution by the institution of the place of stay in accordance with the legislation it applies, as though the persons concerned were insured under that legislation, where:

(a) the benefits in kind become necessary on medical grounds during their stay, in the opinion of the provider of the benefits in kind, taking into account the nature of the benefits and the expected length of the stay;

(b) the person did not travel to that State with the purpose of receiving the benefits in kind, unless:

(i) the person is a passenger or member of the crew on a vessel or aircraft travelling to that State and the benefits in kind became necessary on medical grounds during the voyage or flight; or

(ii) the person is employed or self-employed in the continental shelf area and the benefits in kind became necessary on medical grounds while they were carrying out their activity as an employed or self-employed person in the continental shelf area; and

(c) a valid entitlement document is presented in accordance with Article 22(1) of Annex 1.

(2) The Joint Administrative Committee shall list benefits in kind which, in order to be provided during a stay in another State, require for practical reasons a prior agreement between the person concerned and the institution providing the care.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for in this Convention, an insured person travelling to another State with the purpose of receiving benefits in kind during the stay shall seek authorisation from the competent institution.

(2) An insured person who is authorised by the competent institution to go to another State with the purpose of receiving the treatment appropriate to their condition shall receive the benefits in kind provided, on behalf of the competent institution, by the institution of the place of stay, in accordance with the legislation it applies, as though that person were insured under the said legislation. The authorisation shall be accorded where the treatment in question is among the benefits provided for by the legislation in the State where the person concerned resides and where that person cannot be given such treatment within a time limit which is medically justifiable, taking into account their current state of health and the probable course of their illness.

(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) applymutatis mutandisto the members of the family of an insured person.

(4) If the members of the family of an insured person reside in a State other than the State in which the insured person resides, and this State has opted for reimbursement on the basis of fixed amounts, the cost of the benefits in kind referred to in paragraph (2) shall be borne by the institution of the place of residence of the members of the family. In this case, for the purposes of paragraph (1), the institution of the place of residence of the members of the family shall be considered to be the competent institution.

(1) An insured person and members of their family residing or staying in a State other than the competent State shall be entitled to cash benefits provided by the competent institution in accordance with the legislation it applies. By agreement between the competent institution and the institution of the place of residence or stay, such benefits may, however, be provided by the institution of the place of residence or stay at the expense of the competent institution in accordance with the legislation of the competent State.

(2) The competent institution of a State whose legislation stipulates that the calculation of cash benefits shall be based on average income or on an average contribution basis shall determine such average income or average contribution basis exclusively by reference to the incomes confirmed as having been paid, or contribution bases applied, during the periods completed under the said legislation.

(3) The competent institution of a State whose legislation provides that the calculation of cash benefits shall be based on standard income shall take into account exclusively the standard income or, where appropriate, the average of standard incomes for the periods completed under the said legislation.

(4) Paragraphs (2) and (3) applymutatis mutandisto cases where the legislation applied by the competent institution lays down a specific reference period which corresponds in the case in question either wholly or partly to the periods which the person concerned has completed under the legislation of one or more other States.

(1) An insured person who, on making a claim for a pension, or during the investigation thereof, ceases to be entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of the State last competent, shall remain entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of the State in which that person resides, provided that the pension claimant satisfies the insurance conditions of the legislation of the State referred to in paragraph (2). The right to benefits in kind in the State of residence also applies to the members of the family of the pension claimant.

(2) The benefits in kind shall be chargeable to the institution of the State which, in the event of a pension being awarded, would become competent under Articles 27 to 29.

A person who receives a pension or pensions under the legislation of two or more States, of which one is the State of residence, and who is entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of that State, shall, with the members of their family, receive such benefits in kind from and at the expense of the institution of the place of residence, as though that person were a pensioner whose pension was payable solely under the legislation of that State.

(1) A person who:

(a) resides in a State;

(b) receives a pension or pensions under the legislation of one or more States; and

(c) is not entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of the State of residence,

shall nevertheless receive such benefits for themselves and the members of their family, insofar as the pensioner would be entitled to them under the legislation of the State competent in respect of their pension or at least one of the States competent, if that person resided in that State. The benefits in kind shall be provided at the expense of the institution referred to in paragraph (2) by the institution of the place of residence, as though the person concerned were entitled to a pension and entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of that State.

(2) In the cases covered by paragraph (1), the cost of the benefits in kind shall be borne by the institution as determined in accordance with the following rules:

(a) where the pensioner is treated as if they were entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of one State, the cost of those benefits shall be borne by the competent institution of that State;

(b) where the pensioner is treated as if they were entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of two or more States, the cost of those benefits shall be borne by the competent institution of the State to whose legislation the person has been subject for the longest period of time;

(c) if the application of the rule in sub-paragraph (b) would result in several institutions being responsible for the cost of those benefits, the cost shall be borne by the competent institution of the State to whose legislation the pensioner was last subject.

Where a person receiving a pension or pensions under the legislation of one or more States resides in a State under whose legislation the right to receive benefits in kind is not subject to conditions of insurance, or conditions of activity as an employed or self-employed person, and that person does not receive a pension from the State of residence, the cost of benefits in kind provided to them and to members of their family shall be borne by the institution of one of the States competent in respect of the person’s pensions determined in accordance with Article 28(2) to the extent that the person and the members of their family would be entitled to such benefits if they resided in that State.

Where a person:

(a) receives a pension or pensions under the legislation of one or more States; and

(b) resides in a State other than the one in which members of their family reside,

those members of that person’s family shall be entitled to receive benefits in kind from the institution of the place of their residence in accordance with the legislation it applies insofar as the pensioner is entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of a State. The costs shall be borne by the competent institution responsible for the costs of the benefits in kind provided to the pensioner in their State of residence.

(1) Article 23 appliesmutatis mutandisto:

(a) a person receiving a pension or pensions under the legislation of one or more States and who is entitled to benefits in kind under the legislation of one of the States which provide their pension(s);

(b) the members of their family,

who are staying in a State other than the one in which they reside.

(2) Article 22(1) appliesmutatis mutandisto the persons described in paragraph (1) when they stay in the State in which is situated the competent institution responsible for the cost of the benefits in kind provided to the pensioner in their State of residence and that State has opted for this and is listed in Annex 4.

(3) Article 24 appliesmutatis mutandisto a pensioner or members of their family who are staying in a State other than the one in which they reside with the purpose of receiving in that State the treatment appropriate to their condition.

(4) Unless otherwise provided for by paragraph (5), the cost of the benefits in kind referred to in paragraphs (1) to (3) shall be borne by the competent institution responsible for the cost of benefits in kind provided to the pensioner in their State of residence.

(5) The cost of the benefits in kind referred to in paragraph (3) shall be borne by the institution of the place of residence of the pensioner or of the members of their family, if these persons reside in a State which has opted for reimbursement on the basis of fixed amounts. In these cases, for the purposes of paragraph (3), the institution of the place of residence of the pensioner or of the members of their family shall be considered to be the competent institution.

(1) Cash benefits shall be paid to a person receiving a pension or pensions under the legislation of one or more States by the competent institution of the State in which is situated the competent institution responsible for the cost of benefits in kind provided to the pensioner in their State of residence. Article 25 appliesmutatis mutandis.

(2) Paragraph (1) also applies to the members of a pensioner’s family.

(1) The institution of a State which is responsible under the legislation it applies for making deductions in respect of contributions for sickness, maternity and equivalent paternity benefits, may request and recover such deductions, calculated in accordance with the legislation it applies, only to the extent that the cost of the benefits pursuant to Articles 27 to 30 is to be borne by an institution of that State.

(2) Where, in the cases referred to in Article 29, the acquisition of sickness, maternity and equivalent paternity benefits is subject to the payment of contributions or similar payments under the legislation of a State in which the pensioner concerned resides, these contributions shall not be payable by virtue of such residence.

Articles 27 to 33 do not apply to a pensioner or the members of the pensioner’s family who are entitled to benefits under the legislation of a State on the basis of an activity as an employed or self-employed person. In such cases, the person concerned shall be subject, for the purposes of this Chapter, to Articles 21 to 25.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for by paragraphs (2) and (3), where a member of the family has an independent right to benefits in kind based on the legislation of a State or on this Chapter such right shall take priority over a derivative right to benefits in kind for members of the family.

(2) Unless otherwise provided for by paragraph (3), where the independent right in the State of residence exists directly and solely on the basis of the residence of the person concerned in that State, a derivative right to benefits in kind shall take priority over the independent right.

(3) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), benefits in kind shall be provided to the members of the family of an insured person at the expense of the competent institution in the State in which they reside, where:

(a) those members of the family reside in a State under whose legislation the right to benefits in kind is not subject to conditions of insurance or activity as an employed or self-employed person; and

(b) the spouse or the person caring for the children of the insured person pursues an activity as an employed or self-employed person in that State, or receives a pension from that State on the basis of an activity as an employed or self-employed person.

(1) The benefits in kind provided by the institution of a State on behalf of the institution of another State under this Chapter shall give rise to full reimbursement.

(2) The reimbursements referred to in paragraph (1) shall be determined and effected in accordance with the arrangements set out in Appendix 2 of Annex 1, either on production of proof of actual expenditure, or on the basis of fixed amounts for States whose legal or administrative structures are such that the use of reimbursement on the basis of actual expenditure is not appropriate.

(3) The States, and their competent authorities, may provide for other methods of reimbursement or waive all reimbursement between the institutions coming under their jurisdiction.

(1) Without prejudice to any more favourable provisions in paragraphs (2) and (3) of this Article, Articles 21, 22(1), 23(1) and 24(1) also apply to benefits relating to accidents at work or occupational diseases.

(2) A person who has sustained an accident at work or has contracted an occupational disease and who resides or stays in a State other than the competent State shall be entitled to the special benefits in kind of the scheme covering accidents at work and occupational diseases provided, on behalf of the competent institution, by the institution of the place of residence or stay in accordance with the legislation which it applies, as though that person were insured under that legislation.

(3) The competent institution may not refuse to grant the authorisation provided for in Article 24(1) to a person who has sustained an accident at work or who has contracted an occupational disease and is entitled to benefits chargeable to that institution, where the treatment appropriate to their condition cannot be given in the State in which that person resides within a time limit which is medically justifiable, taking into account that person’s current state of health and the probable course of the illness.

(4) Article 25 also applies to benefits falling within this Chapter.

(1) The competent institution of a State whose legislation provides for meeting the costs of transporting a person who has sustained an accident at work or is suffering from an occupational disease, either to their place of residence or to a hospital, shall meet such costs to the corresponding place in the State where the person resides, provided that that institution gives prior authorisation for such transport, duly taking into account the reasons justifying it. Such authorisation shall not be required in the case of a frontier worker.

(2) The competent institution of a State whose legislation provides for meeting the costs of transporting the body of a person killed in an accident at work to the place of burial shall, in accordance with the legislation it applies, meet such costs to the corresponding place in the State where the person was residing at the time of the accident.

When a person who has contracted an occupational disease has, under the legislation of two or more States, pursued an activity which by its nature is likely to cause the said disease, the benefits that that person or their survivors may claim shall be provided exclusively under the legislation of the last of those States whose conditions are satisfied.

In the event of aggravation of an occupational disease for which a person suffering from such a disease has received or is receiving benefits under the legislation of a State, the following rules apply:

(a) if the person concerned, while in receipt of benefits, has not pursued, under the legislation of another State, an activity as an employed or self-employed person likely to cause or aggravate the disease in question, the competent institution of the first State shall bear the cost of the benefits under the provisions of the legislation which it applies, taking into account the aggravation;

(b) if the person concerned, while in receipt of benefits, has pursued such an activity under the legislation of another State, the competent institution of the first State shall bear the cost of the benefits under the legislation it applies without taking the aggravation into account. The competent institution of the second State shall grant a supplement to the person concerned, the amount of which shall be equal to the difference between the amount of benefits due after the aggravation and the amount which would have been due prior to the aggravation under the legislation it applies, if the disease in question had occurred under the legislation of that State;

(c) the rules concerning reduction, suspension or withdrawal laid down by the legislation of a State shall not be invoked against persons receiving benefits provided by institutions of two States in accordance with sub-paragraph (b).

(1) If there is no insurance against accidents at work or occupational diseases in the State in which the person concerned resides or stays, or if such insurance exists but there is no institution responsible for providing benefits in kind, those benefits shall be provided by the institution of the place of residence or stay responsible for providing benefits in kind in the event of sickness.

(2) If there is no insurance against accidents at work or occupational diseases in the competent State, the provisions of this Chapter concerning benefits in kind shall nevertheless be applied to a person who is entitled to those benefits in the event of sickness, maternity or equivalent paternity under the legislation of that State if that person sustains an accident at work or suffers from an occupational disease during a residence or stay in another State. Costs shall be borne by the institution that is competent for the benefits in kind under the legislation of the competent State.

(3) Article 9 applies to the competent institution in a State as regards the equivalence of accidents at work and occupational diseases which either have occurred or have been confirmed subsequently under the legislation of another State when assessing the degree of incapacity, the right to benefits or the amount thereof, on condition that:

(a) no compensation is due in respect of an accident at work or an occupational disease which had occurred or had been confirmed previously under the legislation it applies; and

(b) no compensation is due in respect of an accident at work or an occupational disease which had occurred or had been confirmed subsequently, under the legislation of the other State under which the accident at work or the occupational disease had occurred or been confirmed.

(1) Article 36 also applies to benefits falling within this Chapter, and reimbursement shall be made on the basis of actual costs.

(2) The States, or their competent authorities, may provide for other methods of reimbursement or waive all reimbursement between the institutions under their jurisdiction.

(1) When an insured person or a member of their family dies in a State other than the competent State, the death shall be deemed to have occurred in the competent State.

(2) The competent institution shall be obliged to provide death grants payable under the legislation it applies, even if the person entitled resides in a State other than the competent State.

(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) also apply when the death is the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease.

(1) In the event of the death of a pensioner who was entitled to a pension under the legislation of one State, or to pensions under the legislations of two or more States, when that pensioner was residing in a State other than that of the institution responsible for the cost of benefits in kind provided under Articles 28 and 29, the death grants payable under the legislation administered by that institution shall be provided at its own expense as though the pensioner had been residing at the time of their death in the State in which that institution is situated.

(2) Paragraph (1) appliesmutatis mutandisto the members of the family of a pensioner.

Without prejudice to Article 10 where, under the legislation of the State competent under Title II of this Convention, the amount of invalidity benefits is dependent on the duration of the periods of insurance, employment, self-employment or residence, the competent State is not required to take into account any such periods completed under the legislation of another State for the purposes of calculating the amount of invalidity benefit payable.

The competent institution of a State whose legislation makes the acquisition, retention or recovery of the right to benefits conditional upon the completion of periods of insurance or residence shall, where necessary, apply Article 50mutatis  mutandis.

In the case of aggravation of an invalidity for which a person is receiving benefits under the legislation of a State in accordance with this Convention, the benefit shall continue to be provided in accordance with this Chapter, taking the aggravation into account.

(1) Where provided for in the legislation of the State paying invalidity benefit in accordance with this Convention, invalidity benefits shall be converted into old-age benefits under the conditions laid down by the legislation under which they are provided and in accordance with Chapter 5 of Title III.

(2) Where a person receiving invalidity benefits can establish a claim to old-age benefits under the legislation of one or more other States, in accordance with Article 49, any institution which is responsible for providing invalidity benefits under the legislation of a State shall continue to provide such a person with the invalidity benefits to which that person is entitled under the legislation it applies until paragraph (1) becomes applicable in respect of that institution, or otherwise for as long as the person concerned satisfies the conditions for such benefits.

(1) All the competent institutions shall determine entitlement to benefit, under all the legislations of the States to which the person concerned has been subject, when a request for award has been submitted, unless the person concerned expressly requests deferment of the award of old-age benefits under the legislation of one or more States.

(2) If at a given moment the person concerned does not satisfy, or no longer satisfies, the conditions laid down by all the legislations of the States to which that person has been subject, the institutions applying legislation the conditions of which have been satisfied shall not take into account, when performing the calculation in accordance with Article 51(1)(a) or (b), the periods completed under the legislations the conditions of which have not been satisfied, or are no longer satisfied, where this gives rise to a lower amount of benefit.

(3) Paragraph (2) appliesmutatis mutandiswhen the person concerned has expressly requested deferment of the award of old-age benefits.

(4) A new calculation shall be performed automatically as and when the conditions to be fulfilled under the other legislations are satisfied or when a person requests the award of an old-age benefit deferred in accordance with paragraph (1), unless the periods completed under the other legislations have already been taken into account by virtue of paragraphs (2) or (3).

(1) Where the legislation of a State makes the granting of certain benefits conditional upon the periods of insurance having been completed only in a specific activity as an employed or self-employed person or in an occupation which is subject to a special scheme for employed or self-employed persons, the competent institution of that State shall take into account periods completed under the legislation of other States only if completed under a corresponding scheme or, failing that, in the same occupation, or where appropriate, in the same activity as an employed or self-employed person.

(2) If, account having been taken of the periods thus completed, the person concerned does not satisfy the conditions for receipt of the benefits of a special scheme, these periods shall be taken into account for the purposes of providing the benefits of the general scheme or, failing that, of the scheme applicable to manual or clerical workers, as the case may be, provided that the person concerned had been affiliated to one or other of those schemes.

(3) The periods of insurance completed under a special scheme of a State shall be taken into account for the purposes of providing the benefits of the general scheme or, failing that, of the scheme applicable to manual or clerical workers, as the case may be, of another State, provided that the person concerned had been affiliated to one or other of those schemes, even if those periods have already been taken into account in the latter State under a special scheme.

(4) Where the legislation or specific scheme of a State makes the acquisition, retention or recovery of the right to benefits conditional upon the person concerned being insured at the time of the materialisation of the risk, this condition shall be regarded as having been satisfied if that person has been previously insured under the legislation or specific scheme of that State and is, at the time of the materialisation of the risk, insured under the legislation of another State for the same risk or, failing that, if a benefit is due under the legislation of another State for the same risk. The latter condition shall, however, be deemed to be fulfilled in the cases referred to in Article 56.

(1) The competent institution shall calculate the amount of the benefit that would be due:

(a) under the legislation it applies, only where the conditions for entitlement to benefits have been satisfied exclusively under national law (independent benefit);

(b) by calculating a theoretical amount and subsequently an actual amount (pro ratabenefit), as follows:

(i) the theoretical amount of the benefit is equal to the benefit which the person concerned could claim if all the periods of insurance and/or of residence which have been completed under the legislations of the other States had been completed under the legislation it applies on the date of the award of the benefit. If, under this legislation, the amount does not depend on the duration of the periods completed, that amount shall be regarded as being the theoretical amount;

(ii) the competent institution shall then establish the actual amount of thepro ratabenefit by applying to the theoretical amount the ratio between the duration of the periods completed before materialisation of the risk under the legislation it applies and the total duration of the periods completed before materialisation of the risk under the legislations of all the States concerned.

(2) Where appropriate, the competent institution shall apply, to the amount calculated in accordance with sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph (1), all the rules relating to reduction, suspension or withdrawal, under the legislation it applies, within the limits provided for by Articles 52 to 54.

(3) The person concerned shall be entitled to receive from the competent institution of each State the higher of the amounts calculated in accordance with sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) of paragraph (1).

(4) Where the calculation pursuant to paragraph (1)(a) in one State invariably results in the independent benefit being equal to or higher than thepro ratabenefit, calculated in accordance with paragraph (1)(b), the competent institution shall waive thepro ratacalculation, provided that:

(a) such a situation is set out in Part 1 of Annex 5;

(b) no legislation containing rules against overlapping, as referred to in Articles 53 to 54, is applicable unless the conditions laid down in Article 54(2) are fulfilled; and

(c) Article 56 is not applicable in relation to periods completed under the legislation of another State in the specific circumstances of the case.

(5) Notwithstanding paragraphs (1), (2) and (3), thepro ratacalculation shall not apply to schemes providing benefits in respect of which periods of time are of no relevance to the calculation, subject to such schemes being listed in Part 2 of Annex 5. In such cases, the person concerned shall be entitled to the benefit calculated in accordance with the legislation of the State concerned.

(1) Any overlapping of old-age and survivors’ benefits calculated or provided on the basis of periods of insurance or residence completed by the same person shall be considered to be overlapping of benefits of the same kind.

(2) Overlapping of benefits which cannot be considered to be of the same kind within the meaning of paragraph (1) shall be considered to be overlapping of benefits of a different kind.

(3) The following provisions shall be applicable for the purposes of rules to prevent overlapping laid down by the legislation of a State in the case of overlapping of a benefit in respect of old-age or survivors with a benefit of the same kind or a benefit of a different kind or with other income:

(a) the competent institution shall take into account the benefits or incomes acquired in another State only where the legislation it applies provides for benefits or income acquired abroad to be taken into account;

(b) the competent institution shall take into account the amount of benefits to be paid by another State before deduction of tax, social security contributions and other individual levies or deductions, unless the legislation it applies provides for the application of rules to prevent overlapping after such deductions, under the conditions and the procedures laid down in Annex 1;

(c) the competent institution shall not take into account the amount of benefits acquired under the legislation of another State on the basis of voluntary insurance or continued optional insurance;

(d) if a single State applies rules to prevent overlapping because the person concerned receives benefits of the same or of a different kind under the legislation of other States or income acquired in other States, the benefit due may be reduced solely by the amount of such benefits or such income.

(1) Where benefits of the same kind due under the legislation of two or more States overlap, the rules to prevent overlapping laid down by the legislation of a State shall not be applicable to apro ratabenefit.

(2) The rules to prevent overlapping apply to an independent benefit only if the benefit concerned is:

(a) a benefit the amount of which does not depend on the duration of periods of insurance or residence; or

(b) a benefit the amount of which is determined on the basis of a credited period deemed to have been completed between the date on which the risk materialised and a later date, overlapping with:

(i) a benefit of the same type, except where an agreement has been concluded between two or more States to avoid the same credited period being taken into account more than once; or

(ii) a benefit referred to in sub-paragraph (a).

The benefits and agreements referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) are listed in Annex 6.

(1) If the receipt of benefits of a different kind or other income requires the application of the rules to prevent overlapping provided for by the legislation of the States concerned regarding:

(a) two or more independent benefits, the competent institutions shall divide the amounts of the benefit or benefits or other income, as they have been taken into account, by the number of benefits subject to the said rules; however, the application of this sub-paragraph cannot deprive the person concerned of their status as a pensioner for the purposes of the other chapters of this Title under the conditions and the procedures laid down in Annex 1;

(b) one or morepro ratabenefits, the competent institutions shall take into account the benefit or benefits or other income and all the elements stipulated for applying the rules to prevent overlapping as a function of the ratio between the periods of insurance and/or residence established for the calculation referred to in Article 51(1)(b)(ii);

(c) one or more independent benefits and one or morepro ratabenefits, the competent institutions shall applymutatis mutandissub-paragraph (a) as regards independent benefits and sub-paragraph (b) as regardspro ratabenefits.

(2) The competent institution shall not apply the division stipulated in respect of independent benefits, if the legislation it applies provides for account to be taken of benefits of a different kind or other income and all other elements for calculating part of their amount determined as a function of the ratio between periods of insurance and/or residence referred to in Article 51(1)(b)(ii).

(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) applymutatis mutandiswhere the legislation of one or more States provides that a right to a benefit cannot be acquired in the case where the person concerned is in receipt of a benefit of a different kind, payable under the legislation of another State, or of other income.

(1) For the calculation of the theoretical andpro rataamounts referred to in Article 51(1)(b), the following rules apply:

(a) where the total length of the periods of insurance and/or residence completed before the risk materialised under the legislations of all the States concerned is longer than the maximum period required by the legislation of one of these States for receipt of full benefit, the competent institution of that State shall take into account this maximum period instead of the total length of the periods completed; this method of calculation shall not result in the imposition on that institution of the cost of a benefit greater than the full benefit provided for by the legislation it applies. This provision shall not apply to benefits the amount of which does not depend on the length of insurance;

(b) the procedure for taking into account overlapping periods is laid down in Annex 1;

(c) if the legislation of a State provides that the benefits are to be calculated on the basis of incomes, contributions, bases of contributions, increases, earnings, other amounts or a combination of more than one of them (average, proportional, fixed or credited), the competent institution shall:

(i) determine the basis for calculation of the benefits in accordance only with periods of insurance completed under the legislation it applies;

(ii) use, in order to determine the amount to be calculated in accordance with the periods of insurance and/or residence completed under the legislation of the other States, the same elements determined or recorded for the periods of insurance completed under the legislation it applies;

where necessary in accordance with the procedures laid down in Annex 7 for the State concerned;

(d) in the event that sub-paragraph (c) is not applicable because the legislation of a State provides for the benefit to be calculated on the basis of elements other than periods of insurance or residence which are not linked to time, the competent institution shall take into account, in respect of each period of insurance or residence completed under the legislation of any other State, the amount of the capital accrued, the capital which is considered as having been accrued or any other element for the calculation under the legislation it administers divided by the corresponding units of periods in the pension scheme concerned.

(2) The provisions of the legislation of a State concerning the revalorisation of the elements taken into account for the calculation of benefits apply, as appropriate, to the elements to be taken into account by the competent institution of that State, in accordance with paragraph (1), in respect of the periods of insurance or residence completed under the legislation of other States.

(1) Notwithstanding Article 51(1)(b), the institution of a State shall not be required to provide benefits in respect of periods completed under the legislation it applies which are taken into account when the risk materialises, if:

(a) the duration of the said periods is less than one year; and

(b) taking only these periods into account no right to benefit is acquired under that legislation.

For the purposes of this Article, “ periods” shall mean all periods of insurance, employment, self-employment or residence which either qualify for, or directly increase, the benefit concerned.

(2) The competent institution of each of the States concerned shall take into account the periods referred to in paragraph (1), for the purposes of Article 51(1)(b)(i).

(3) If the effect of applying paragraph (1) would be to relieve all the institutions of the States concerned of their obligations, benefits shall be provided exclusively under the legislation of the last of those States whose conditions are satisfied, as if all the periods of insurance and residence completed and taken into account in accordance with Article 10 and Article 50(1) to (3) had been completed under the legislation of that State.

(4) This Article does not apply to schemes listed in Part 2 of Annex 5.

(1) If the method for determining benefits or the rules for calculating benefits are altered under the legislation of a State, or if the personal situation of the person concerned undergoes a relevant change which, under that legislation, would lead to an adjustment of the amount of the benefit, a recalculation shall be carried out in accordance with Article 51.

(2) On the other hand, if, by reason of an increase in the cost of living or changes in the level of income or other grounds for adjustment, the benefits of the State concerned are altered by a percentage or fixed amount, such percentage or fixed amount shall be applied directly to the benefits determined in accordance with Article 51, without the need for a recalculation.

(1) The competent institution of a State whose legislation makes the acquisition, retention, recovery or duration of the right to benefits conditional upon the completion of either periods of insurance, employment or self-employment shall, to the extent necessary, take into account periods of insurance, employment or self-employment completed under the legislation of any other State as though they were completed under the legislation it applies.

However, when the applicable legislation makes the right to benefits conditional on the completion of periods of insurance, the periods of employment or self-employment completed under the legislation of another State shall not be taken into account unless such periods would have been considered to be periods of insurance had they been completed in accordance with the applicable legislation.

(2) The application of paragraph (1) of this Article shall be conditional on the person concerned having the most recently completed, in accordance with the legislation under which the benefits are claimed:

(a) periods of insurance, if that legislation requires periods of insurance;

(b) periods of employment, if that legislation requires periods of employment; or

(c) periods of self-employment, if that legislation requires periods of self-employment.

(1) Where the calculation of unemployment benefits is based on the amount of the previous salary or professional income of the person concerned, the competent State shall take into account the salary or professional income received by the person concerned based exclusively on their last activity as an employed or self-employed person under the legislation of the competent State.

(2) Where the legislation applied by the competent State provides for a specific reference period for the determination of the salary or professional income used to calculate the amount of benefit, and the person concerned was subject to the legislation of another State for all or part of that reference period, the competent State shall only take into account the salary or professional income received during their last activity as an employed or self-employed person under that legislation.

(1) The competent authorities of the States shall notify the Joint Administrative Committee of any changes to their legislation as regards the branches of social security covered by Article 6 which are relevant to or may affect the implementation of this Convention.

(2) The competent authorities of the States shall communicate to each other measures taken to implement this Convention that are not notified under paragraph (1) and that are relevant for the implementation of the Convention.

(3) For the purposes of this Convention, the competent authorities and institutions of the States shall lend one another their good offices and act as though implementing their own legislation. The administrative assistance given by the said competent authorities and institutions shall, as a rule, be free of charge. However, the Joint Administrative Committee shall establish the nature of reimbursable expenses and the limits above which their reimbursement is due.

(4) The competent authorities and institutions of the States may, for the purposes of this Convention, communicate directly with one another and with the persons involved or their representatives.

(5) The competent authorities, institutions and persons covered by this Convention shall have a duty of mutual information and cooperation to ensure the correct implementation of this Convention.

(6) The competent authorities and institutions, in accordance with the principle of good administration, shall respond to all queries within a reasonable period of time and shall in this connection provide the persons concerned with any information required for exercising the rights conferred on them by this Convention.

(7) The persons concerned must inform the institutions of the competent State and of the State of residence as soon as possible of any change in their personal or family situation which affects their right to benefits under this Convention.

(8) Failure to respect the requirement referred to in paragraph (7) may result in the application of proportionate measures in accordance with national law. Nevertheless, these measures shall be equivalent to those applicable to similar situations under domestic law and shall not make it impossible or excessively difficult in practice for claimants to exercise the rights conferred on them by this Convention.

(9) The competent authorities, institutions and tribunals of one State may not reject applications or other documents submitted to them on the grounds that they are written in an official language of another State.

(1) Any personal data received under this Convention shall be protected as such in accordance with the receiving State’s domestic law.

(2) Any personal data received under this Convention shall be used solely for the purposes of this Convention and in accordance with the domestic law of the receiving State.

(3) Where one of the States wishes to use or disclose such personal data for other purposes, it shall obtain, in conformity with the domestic law of the State which provided the personal data, the prior written consent of the competent authorities or competent institutions. Such use shall be subject to any restrictions laid down by that authority or institution.

(4) Where this Convention provides for the transfer of personal data, such transfer shall take place in accordance with the transferring State’s rules on international transfers of personal data. Where needed, each State will make best efforts, while respecting the transferring State’s rules on international transfers of personal data, to establish safeguards necessary for the transfer of personal data.

(1) Any information communicated pursuant to this Convention shall be covered by an obligation of professional secrecy and shall enjoy the protections available to similar information subject to those obligations under the domestic law of the receiving State, unless the State which provided the information gives, in conformity with its domestic law, its consent to the disclosure of such information.

(2) Any information subject to an obligation of professional secrecy that is received under this Convention shall be used solely for the purposes of this Convention and in accordance with the domestic law of the receiving State.

(3) Where one of the States wishes to use or disclose such information for other purposes, it shall obtain, in conformity with the domestic law of the State which provided the information, the prior written consent of the competent authorities or competent institutions. Such use shall be subject to any restrictions laid down by that authority or institution.

(1) The States shall progressively use new technologies for the exchange, access and processing of the data required to apply this Convention.

(2) Each State shall be responsible for managing its own part of any electronic exchange.

(3) An electronic document sent or issued by a competent authority or institution in conformity with this Convention may not be rejected by a competent authority or institution of another State on the grounds that it was received by electronic means, once the receiving institution has declared that it can receive electronic documents. Reproduction and recording of such documents shall be presumed to be a correct and accurate reproduction of the original document or representation of the information it relates to, unless there is proof to the contrary.

(4) An electronic document shall be considered valid if the computer system on which the document is recorded contains the safeguards necessary in order to prevent any alteration, disclosure, or unauthorised access to the recording. It shall at any time be possible to reproduce the recorded information in an immediately readable form.

(1) Any exemption from or reduction of taxes, stamp duty, notarial or registration fees provided for under the legislation of one State in respect of certificates or documents required to be produced in application of the legislation of that State shall be extended to similar certificates or documents required to be produced in application of the legislation of another State or of this Convention.

(2) All statements, documents and certificates of any kind whatsoever required to be produced in application of this Convention shall be exempt from authentication by diplomatic or consular authorities.

Any claim, declaration or appeal which should have been submitted, in application of the legislation of one State, within a specified period to an authority, institution or tribunal of that State shall be admissible if it is submitted within the same period to a corresponding authority, institution or tribunal of another State. In such a case, the authority, institution or tribunal receiving the claim, declaration or appeal shall forward it without delay to the competent authority, institution or tribunal of the former State either directly or through the competent authorities of the States concerned. The date on which such claims, declarations or appeals were submitted to the authority, institution or tribunal of the second State shall be considered as the date of their submission to the competent authority, institution or tribunal.

(1) Medical examinations provided for by the legislation of one State may be carried out, at the request of the competent institution, in the territory of another State, by the institution of the place of stay or residence of the person entitled to benefits, under the conditions laid down in Annex 1 or agreed between the competent authorities of the States concerned.

(2) Medical examinations carried out under the conditions laid down in paragraph (1) shall be considered as having been carried out in the territory of the competent State.

(1) Collection of contributions due to an institution of one State and recovery of benefits provided by the institution of one State but not due, may be effected in another State in accordance with the procedures and with the guarantees and privileges applicable to the collection of contributions due to the corresponding institution of the latter and the recovery of benefits provided by it but not due.

(2) Enforceable decisions of the judicial and administrative authorities relating to the collection of contributions, interest, and any other charges or to the recovery of benefits provided but not due under the legislation of one State shall be recognised and enforced at the request of the competent institution in another State within the limits and in accordance with the procedures laid down by the legislation and any other procedures applicable to similar decisions of the latter. Such decisions shall be declared enforceable in that State insofar as the legislation and any other procedures of that State so require.

(3) Claims of an institution of one State shall in enforcement, bankruptcy or settlement proceedings in another State enjoy the same privileges as the legislation that the latter accords to claims of the same kind.

(4) The procedure for implementing this Article, including costs reimbursement, shall be governed by Annex 1 or, where necessary and as a complementary measure, by means of agreements between the States.

(1) If a person receives benefits under the legislation of a State in respect of an injury resulting from events occurring in another State, any rights of the institution responsible for providing benefits against a third party liable to provide compensation for the injury shall be governed by the following rules:

(a) where the institution responsible for providing benefits is, under the legislation it applies, subrogated to the rights which the beneficiary has against the third party, such subrogation shall be recognised by each State;

(b) where the institution responsible for providing benefits has a direct right against the third party, each State shall recognise such rights.

(2) If a person receives benefits under the legislation of one State in respect of an injury resulting from events occurring in another State, the provisions of the said legislation which determine the cases in which the civil liability of employers or of their employees is to be excluded apply with regard to the said person or to the competent institution.

Paragraph (1) shall also apply to any rights of the institution responsible for providing benefits against employers or their employees in cases where their liability is not excluded.

(3) Where, in accordance with Article 36(3) or Article 42(2), two or more States or their competent authorities have concluded an agreement to waive reimbursement between institutions under their jurisdiction, or, where reimbursement does not depend on the amount of benefits actually provided, any rights arising against a liable third party shall be governed by the following rules:

(a) where the institution of the State of residence or stay grants benefits to a person in respect of an injury sustained in its territory, that institution, in accordance with the provisions of the legislation it applies, shall exercise the right to subrogation or direct action against the third party liable to provide compensation for the injury;

(b) for the application of sub-paragraph (a):

(i) the person receiving benefits shall be deemed to be insured with the institution of the place of residence or stay, and

(ii) that institution shall be deemed to be the institution responsible for providing benefits;

(c) paragraphs (1) and (2) shall remain applicable in respect of any benefits not covered by the waiver agreement or a reimbursement which does not depend on the amount of benefits actually provided.

Special provisions for implementing the legislation of a certain State are referred to in Annex 7 to the Convention.

(1) The competent authorities of the States shall establish a committee to be called the Joint Administrative Committee. The Joint Administrative Committee shall comprise representatives of each of the States.

(2) The Joint Administrative Committee shall be co-chaired by the representatives of the competent authorities of:

(a) the United Kingdom; and

(b) one of the EEA EFTA States, on a rotating basis.

(3) The Joint Administrative Committee may:

(a) monitor and review the interpretation, implementation and application of this Convention and make recommendations in respect thereof;

(b) agree administrative arrangements necessary for the application of this Convention;

(c) provide a forum for the States to exchange information, and discuss best practices and technical issues;

(d) prepare and maintain an updated list of cash benefits which the competent authorities confirm fall within scope of this Convention as set out in Article 6(2).

(e) provide a forum to resolve disputes in accordance with Article 71(3) and (4);

(f) adopt decisions in respect of all matters where this Convention so provides; and

(g) set rules of procedure for the Joint Administrative Committee.

(4) The Joint Administrative Committee may, when carrying out its functions, consider guidance issued in relation to other international social security agreements by which any of the States are bound.

(5) The Joint Administrative Committee shall act by consensus.

(6) The Joint Administrative Committee shall meet at the request of any State, and, in any event, at least once a year, unless the Joint Administrative Committee decides otherwise. The Joint Administrative Committee’s meeting schedule and agenda shall be set by consensus of the States.

(1) For the purposes of this Article “ Concerned State” means one or more State or States to this Convention whose interests are directly affected by a dispute concerning this Convention.

(2) Concerned States shall make all reasonable efforts to resolve between them all disputes concerning this Convention.

(3) If a dispute cannot be resolved in accordance with paragraph (2) it shall be submitted by a Concerned State for discussion at the Joint Administrative Committee.

(4) The Joint Administrative Committee shall provide a forum for States to seek to resolve disputes submitted to it. The Concerned States shall provide it with all information which might be of use in resolving a dispute submitted to it. The Joint Administrative Committee shall examine all possibilities to maintain the good functioning of the Convention.

(5) If a dispute cannot be resolved following discussion at the Joint Administrative Committee in accordance with paragraphs (3) and (4), it shall be submitted, at the request of a Concerned State, to an arbitration tribunal which shall be constituted in the following manner:

(a) a Concerned State shall send the request for arbitration to the other Concerned State, and shall notify the States who are not Concerned States;

(b) the arbitration tribunal shall be composed of three arbitrators;

(c) each Concerned State shall appoint an arbitrator within one month from receipt of the request for arbitration. The arbitrators shall appoint a third arbitrator, who shall not be a national of a Concerned State, within two months from the date on which the Concerned State which was the last to appoint its arbitrator has notified the other Concerned State of the appointment;

(d) if within the prescribed period either Concerned State should fail to appoint an arbitrator, the other Concerned State may request the President of the International Court of Justice or, in the event of their having the nationality of one of the Concerned States, the Vice-President or next senior judge of that Court not having the nationality of a Concerned State, to make the appointment. A similar procedure shall be adopted at the request of a Concerned State if the arbitrators cannot agree on the appointment of the third arbitrator.

(6) The arbitration tribunal shall determine its own rules of procedure, and its costs shall be agreed with the Concerned States and borne in equal shares by them. These rules may include provision for States other than the Concerned States to be provided with access to, or copies of, any evidence relied upon by any of the Concerned States before the tribunal and any documents sent by the tribunal or a Concerned State to the other.

(7) The arbitration tribunal shall decide the matter by majority vote. The decision shall be binding on the Concerned States.

The Annexes (including any appendices) shall form integral parts of this Convention.

(1) This Convention is drawn up in a single original in the English language.

(2) The Government of Norway shall be the Depositary of this Convention.

(1) The States shall notify the Depositary in writing of completion of their respective internal requirements and procedures for entry into force of this Convention.

(2) This Convention shall enter into force, in relation to those States which have notified the Depositary, on the first day of the month following the later of the dates on which the Depositary receives the notifications of at least one EEA EFTA State and the United Kingdom.

(3) This Convention shall enter into force, in relation to an EEA EFTA State which notifies the Depositary after the date on which at least one EEA EFTA State and the United Kingdom have notified the Depositary, on the first day of the month following the date on which the Depositary receives the notification of that EEA EFTA State.

(1) Subject to Article 76, each State may withdraw from this Convention by means of a written notification to the Depositary. The withdrawal shall take effect 12 months after the date on which the notification is received by the Depositary unless the States agree otherwise.

(2) If the United Kingdom withdraws, this Convention shall terminate when its withdrawal becomes effective.

(1) In the event that this Convention is terminated or a State withdraws from it in accordance with Article 75, to the extent that individuals are affected by the withdrawal or termination, rights to cash benefits acquired by a person in accordance with the provisions of this Convention shall be maintained, if:

(a) at the date of withdrawal or termination, the person is in receipt of those cash benefits;

(b) at or prior to the date of withdrawal or termination, they have lodged a claim for, and would be entitled to receive, those cash benefits; or

(c) the only reason they are not entitled to receive those cash benefits is that they have not lodged a claim for them at or prior to the date of withdrawal or termination.

(2) Prior to the expiry of the period referred to in Article 75, and without prejudice to the protections in paragraph (1), the States shall commence discussions on appropriate consequential and transitional arrangements for the protection of persons affected by a State’s withdrawal from or the termination of this Convention.

(1) No provision of this Convention shall confer any right to receive a benefit for any period before the date of entry into force of this Convention.

(2) The following shall be taken into consideration in determining the right to benefits under this Convention:

(a) any period of insurance, and, where appropriate, any period of employment, self-employment or residence completed under the legislation of the States before the entry into force of this Convention; and

(b) insured events occurring before the entry into force of this Convention.

(3) This Convention shall not apply to rights extinguished by the payment of a lump-sum payment.

(4) In this Article at paragraphs (5) and (6), any reference to ‘a certificate’ or ‘that certificate’ is a reference to the certificate issued under the provisions of either the 1990 Convention or the 1983 Convention confirming the state where a person is liable to be insured.

(5) If, as a result of this Convention, a person is subject to the legislation of a State other than the legislation identified as applying to that person in a certificate issued to them, that person shall continue to be subject to the legislation identified in that certificate for the period identified in that certificate, provided that person’s situation remains unchanged.

(6) A person’s situation remains unchanged where the circumstances that justified the issue of a certificate to that person continue after the time this Convention enters into force.

(7) A person to whom paragraph (5) applies may request that they be subject to the legislation applicable under Title II of this Convention. The request shall be in writing and should be submitted to the State whose legislation would be applicable to that person under Title II of this Convention within the three months following the date this Convention enters into force. The person shall be subject to the legislation of that State as of the date this Convention applies to that State. If the request is made after the expiry of the three-month period indicated, the changeover shall take place on the first day of the following month.

(1) Subject to paragraphs (2) to (4), the following treaties between the United Kingdom and relevant individual EEA EFTA States shall, as from the date of entry into force of this Convention in relation to those EEA EFTA States in accordance with Article 74, cease to apply to England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland:

(a) The 1990 Convention;

(b) The Protocol Concerning Medical Treatment of 19 June 1990, supplementary to the 1990 Convention, (“Norway Healthcare Protocol”);

(c) The 1983 Convention;

(d) The Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the Republic of Iceland on Health Services, signed in Reykjavik on 22 September 1982 (“Iceland Health Services Agreement”).

(2) The provisions of the 1990 Convention, the Norway Healthcare Protocol, and the 1983 Convention shall continue to apply to the Isle of Man and Jersey.

(3) The provisions of the Iceland Health Services Agreement shall continue to apply to the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Isle of Man and Jersey.

(4) The provisions of the 1990 Convention and the 1983 Convention shall continue to apply in relation to:

(a) any award of a cash benefit, pension or allowance made prior to the date upon which this Convention comes into force;

(b) any claim to a benefit, pension or allowance made but not determined at the date upon which this Convention comes into force;

(c) any claim to a benefit, pension or allowance made after the date this Convention comes into force but only where that claim relates to entitlement to such benefit, pension or allowance for a period prior to the date upon which this Convention comes into force.

In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised by their respective Governments, have signed this Convention.

Done at London, this 30th day of June 2023, in one original in the English language, which shall be deposited with the Depositary, who shall transmit certified copies to all the States.

For the purposes of this Annex, the following definitions, in addition to those set out in Article 1 of this Convention, apply.

(a) “ document” means a set of data, irrespective of the medium used, structured in such a way that it can be exchanged electronically and which must be communicated in order to enable the operation of this Convention and this Annex;

(b) “ fraud” means any deliberate act or deliberate omission to act, carried out with the intention to either:

(i) receive social security benefits, or enable another person to receive social security benefits, when the conditions of entitlement to such benefits under the law of the State(s) concerned or this Convention are not met; or

(ii) avoid paying social security contributions, or enable another person to avoid paying social security contributions, when such contributions are required under the law of the State(s) concerned or this Convention.

(c) “ liaison body” means any body designated by the competent authority of a State for one or more of the branches of social security referred to in Article 6 of this Convention to respond to requests for information and assistance for the purposes of the application of this Convention and of this Annex and which has to fulfil the tasks assigned to it under Title IV of this Annex;

(d) “ transmission by electronic means” means the transmission of data using electronic equipment for the processing (including digital compression) of data and employing wires, radio transmission, optical technologies or any other electromagnetic means.

(1) For the purposes of this Annex, exchanges between the States’ authorities and institutions and persons covered by this Convention shall be based on the principles of public service, efficiency, active assistance, rapid delivery and accessibility, including e-accessibility, in particular for the disabled and the elderly.

(2) The institutions shall without delay provide or exchange all data necessary for establishing and determining the rights and obligations of persons to whom this Convention applies. Such data shall be transferred between the States directly by the institutions themselves or indirectly via the liaison bodies.

(3) Where a person has mistakenly submitted information, documents or claims to an institution in the territory of a State other than that in which the institution designated, in accordance with this Annex, is situated, the information, documents or claims shall be resubmitted without delay by the former institution to the institution designated in accordance with this Annex, indicating the date on which they were initially submitted. That date shall be binding on the latter institution. The institutions of the States shall not, however, be held liable, or be deemed to have taken a decision by virtue of their failure to act as a result of the late transmission of information, documents or claims by States’ institutions.

(4) Where data are transferred indirectly via the liaison body of the State of destination, time limits for responding to claims shall start from the date when that liaison body received the claim, as if it had been received by the institution in that State.

(1) The States shall ensure that the necessary information is made available to the persons concerned in order to inform them of the provisions introduced by this Convention and this Annex to enable them to assert their rights. They shall also provide for user-friendly services.

(2) Persons to whom this Convention applies shall be required to forward to the relevant institution the information, documents or supporting evidence necessary to establish their situation or that of their families, to establish or maintain their rights and obligations and to determine the applicable legislation and their obligations under it.

(3) To the extent necessary for the application of this Convention and this Annex, the relevant institutions shall forward the information and issue the documents to the persons concerned without delay and in all cases within any time limits specified under the legislation of the State in question.

(4) The relevant institution shall notify the claimant residing or staying in another State of its decision directly or through the liaison body of the State of residence or stay. When refusing the benefits, it shall also indicate the reasons for refusal, the remedies and periods allowed for appeals. A copy of this decision shall be sent to other involved institutions.

(1) Subject to Article 73 and Appendix 1 of this Annex, the structure, content and format of forms and documents issued on behalf of the States for the purposes of implementing this Convention shall be agreed by the Joint Administrative Committee.

(2) The transmission of data between the institutions or the liaison bodies may, subject to the approval of the States through the Joint Administrative Committee, be carried out by way of electronic exchange. To the extent the forms and documents referred to in paragraph (1) are transmitted by electronic exchange, they shall respect the rules applicable to that system.

(3) Where the transmission of data between institutions or the liaison bodies is not carried out by way of electronic exchange, the relevant institutions and liaison bodies shall use the arrangements appropriate to each case, and favour the use of electronic means as far as possible.

(4) In their communications with the persons concerned, the relevant institutions shall use the arrangements appropriate to each case, and favour the use of electronic means as far as possible.

(1) Documents issued by the institution of a State and showing the position of a person for the purposes of the application of this Convention and this Annex, and supporting evidence on the basis of which the documents have been issued, shall be accepted by the institutions of the other States for as long as they have not been withdrawn or declared to be invalid by the State in which they were issued.

(2) Where there is doubt about the validity of a document or the accuracy of the facts on which the particulars contained therein are based, the institution of the State that receives the document shall ask the issuing institution for the necessary clarification and, where appropriate, the withdrawal of that document. The issuing institution shall reconsider the grounds for issuing the document and, if necessary, withdraw it.

(3) Pursuant to paragraph (2), where there is doubt about the information provided by the persons concerned, the validity of a document or supporting evidence or the accuracy of the facts on which the particulars contained therein are based, the institution of the place of stay or residence shall, insofar as this is possible, at the request of the competent institution, proceed to the necessary verification of this information or document.

(4) Where no agreement is reached between the institutions concerned, the matter may be referred to the Joint Administrative Committee by the competent authorities.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for in this Annex, where there is a difference of views between the institutions or authorities of two or more States concerning the determination of the applicable legislation, the person concerned shall be made provisionally subject to the legislation of one of those States, the order of priority being determined as follows:

(a) the legislation of the State where the person actually pursues their employment or self-employment, if the employment or self-employment is pursued in only one State;

(b) the legislation of the State of residence if the person concerned pursues employment or self-employment in two or more States and performs part of their activity or activities in the State of residence, or if the person concerned is neither employed nor self-employed;

(c) in all other cases, the legislation of the State the application of which was first requested if the person pursues an activity, or activities, in two or more States.

(2) Where there is a difference of views between the institutions or authorities of two or more States about which institution should provide the benefits in cash or in kind, the person concerned who could claim benefits if there was no dispute shall be entitled, on a provisional basis, to the benefits provided for by the legislation applied by the institution of that person’s place of residence or, if that person does not reside on the territory of one of the States concerned, to the benefits provided for by the legislation applied by the institution to which the request was first submitted.

(3) Where no agreement is reached between the institutions or authorities concerned, the matter may be referred to the Joint Administrative Committee by the competent authorities.

(4) Where it is established either that the applicable legislation is not that of the State of provisional membership, or the institution which granted the benefits on a provisional basis was not the competent institution, the institution identified as being competent shall be deemed retroactively to have been so, as if that difference of views had not existed, at the latest from either the date of provisional membership or of the first provisional granting of the benefits concerned.

(5) If necessary, the institution identified as being competent and the institution which provisionally paid the cash benefits or provisionally received contributions shall settle the financial situation of the person concerned as regards contributions and cash benefits paid provisionally, where appropriate, in accordance with Chapter 2 of Title IV of this Annex.

(6) Benefits in kind granted provisionally by an institution in accordance with paragraph (2) shall be reimbursed by the competent institution in accordance with Title IV of this Annex.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for in this Annex, where a person is eligible for a benefit, or is liable to pay a contribution in accordance with this Convention, and the competent institution does not have all the information concerning the situation in another State which is necessary to calculate definitively the amount of that benefit or contribution, that institution shall, on request of the person concerned, award this benefit or calculate this contribution on a provisional basis, if such a calculation is possible on the basis of the information at the disposal of that institution.

(2) The benefit or the contribution concerned shall be recalculated once all the necessary supporting evidence or documents are provided to the institution concerned.

(1) The UK and one or more of the EEA EFTA States, or their competent authorities, may agree procedures other than those provided for by this Annex, provided that such procedures do not adversely affect the rights or obligations of the persons concerned.

(2) Any agreements concluded to this end shall be agreed by the States in question through the Joint Administrative Committee.

Notwithstanding other provisions in this Convention, when benefits due under the legislation of two or more States are mutually reduced, suspended or withdrawn, any amounts that would not be paid in the event of strict application of the rules concerning reduction, suspension or withdrawal laid down by the legislation of the State concerned shall be divided by the number of benefits subjected to reduction, suspension or withdrawal.

(1) Where there is a difference of views between the institutions of two or more States about the determination of the residence of a person to whom this Convention applies, these institutions shall establish by common agreement the centre of interests of the person concerned, based on an overall assessment of all available information relating to relevant facts, which may include, as appropriate:

(a) the duration and continuity of presence on the territory of the States concerned;

(b) that person’s situation, including:

(i) the nature and the specific characteristics of any activity pursued, in particular the place where such activity is habitually pursued, the stability of the activity, and the duration of any work contract;

(ii) that person’s family status and family ties;

(iii) the exercise of any non-remunerated activity;

(iv) in the case of students, the source of that student’s income;

(v) that person’s housing situation, in particular how permanent it is;

(vi) the State in which that person is deemed to reside for taxation purposes.

(2) Where the consideration of the various criteria based on relevant facts as set out in paragraph (1) does not lead to agreement between the institutions concerned, the person’s intention, as it appears from such facts and circumstances, especially the reasons that led the person to move, shall be considered to be decisive for establishing that person’s actual place of residence.

(3) The centre of interests of a student who goes to another State to pursue a full-time course of study shall not be considered as being in the State of study for the entire duration of the course of study in that State, without prejudice to the possibility of rebutting this presumption.

(4) Paragraph (3) appliesmutatis mutandisto the family members of the student.

(1) For the purposes of applying Article 10 of this Convention, the competent institution shall contact the institutions of the States to whose legislation the person concerned has also been subject in order to determine all the periods completed under their legislation.

(2) The respective periods of insurance, employment, self-employment or residence completed under the legislation of a State shall be added to those completed under the legislation of any other State, insofar as necessary for the purposes of applying Article 10 of this Convention, provided that these periods do not overlap.

(3) Where a period of insurance or residence which is completed in accordance with compulsory insurance under the legislation of a State coincides with a period of insurance completed on the basis of voluntary insurance or continued optional insurance under the legislation of another State, only the period completed on the basis of compulsory insurance shall be taken into account.

(4) Where a period of insurance or residence other than an equivalent period completed under the legislation of a State coincides with an equivalent period on the basis of the legislation of another State, only the period other than an equivalent period shall be taken into account.

(5) Any period regarded as equivalent under the legislation of two or more States shall be taken into account only by the institution of the State to whose legislation the person concerned was last compulsorily subject before that period. In the event that the person concerned was not compulsorily subject to the legislation of a State before that period, the latter shall be taken into account by the institution of the State to whose legislation the person concerned was compulsorily subject for the first time after that period.

(6) In the event that the time in which certain periods of insurance or residence were completed under the legislation of a State cannot be determined precisely, it shall be presumed that these periods do not overlap with periods of insurance or residence completed under the legislation of another State, and account shall be taken thereof, where advantageous to the person concerned, insofar as they can reasonably be taken into consideration.

(1) Where periods completed under the legislation of a State are expressed in units different from those provided for by the legislation of another State, the conversion needed for the purpose of aggregation under Article 10 of this Convention shall be carried out under the following rules:

(a) the period to be used as the basis for the conversion shall be that communicated by the institution of the State under whose legislation the period was completed;

(b) in the case of schemes where the periods are expressed in days the conversion from days to other units, and vice versa, as well as between different schemes based on days shall be calculated according to the following table:

(c) in the case of schemes where the periods are expressed in units other than days,

(i) three months or 13 weeks shall be equivalent to one quarter, andvice versa;

(ii) one year shall be equivalent to four quarters, 12 months or 52 weeks, andvice versa;

(iii) for the conversion of weeks into months, andvice versa, weeks and months shall be converted into days in accordance with the conversion rules for the schemes based on six days in the table in sub-paragraph (b);

(d) in the case of periods expressed in fractions, those figures shall be converted into the next smaller integer unit applying the rules laid down in sub-paragraphs (b) and (c). Fractions of years shall be converted into months unless the scheme involved is based on quarters;

(e) if the conversion under this paragraph results in a fraction of a unit, the next higher integer unit shall be taken as the result of the conversion under this paragraph.

(2) The application of paragraph (1) shall not have the effect of producing, for the total sum of the periods completed during one calendar year, a total exceeding the number of days indicated in the last column in the table in paragraph (1)(b), 52 weeks, 12 months or four quarters.

If the periods to be converted correspond to the maximum annual amount of periods under the legislation of the State in which they have been completed, the application of paragraph (1) shall not result within one calendar year in periods that are shorter than the possible maximum annual amount of periods provided under the legislation concerned.

(3) The conversion shall be carried out either in one single operation covering all those periods which were communicated as an aggregate, or for each year, if the periods were communicated on a year-by-year basis.

(4) Where an institution communicates periods expressed in days, it shall at the same time indicate whether the scheme it administers is based on five days, six days or seven days.

(1) For the purposes of the application of Article 14(1) of this Convention, a “person who pursues an activity as an employed person in the territory of a State for an employer which normally carries out its activities there and who is sent by that employer to the territory of another State” shall:

(a) include a person who is recruited with a view to being sent to a State, other than the State where the employer normally carries out its activities, provided that, immediately before the start of that person’s employment, the person concerned is already subject to the legislation of the State in which their employer is established;

(b) have been subject to the legislation of the State in which their employer is established for a prior minimum period of time. The prior minimum period shall be agreed by the Joint Administrative Committee;

(c) continue to have a direct relationship with their employer during the period of their detachment; and

(d) be paid by or on behalf of their employer, in accordance with the legislation of the State whose legislation is applicable pursuant to Title II of this Convention, during the period of their detachment.

(2) For the purposes of the application of Article 14(1) of this Convention, the words “which normally carries out its activities there” shall refer to an employer that ordinarily performs substantial activities, other than purely internal management activities, in the territory of the State in which it is established, taking account of all criteria characterising the activities carried out by the undertaking in question. The relevant criteria must be suited to the specific characteristics of each employer and the real nature of the activities carried out.

(3) For the purposes of the application of Article 14(2) of this Convention, the words “who normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person” shall refer to a person who habitually carries out substantial activities in the territory of the State in which that person is established. In particular, that person must have already pursued their activity for a minimum period of time before the date when they wish to take advantage of the provisions of that Article and, during any period of temporary activity in the other State, must continue to fulfil, in the State where they are established, the requirements for the pursuit of their activity in order to be able to pursue it on their return. The minimum period of time that person must have already pursued their activity shall be agreed by the Joint Administrative Committee.

(4) For the purposes of the application of Article 14(2) of this Convention, the criterion for determining whether the activity that a self-employed person goes to pursue in another State is “similar” to the self-employed activity normally pursued shall be that of the actual nature of the activity, rather than of the designation of employed or self-employed activity that may be given to this activity by the other State where the activity occurs.

(5) For the purposes of the application of Article 15(1) and (5) of this Convention, a person who “normally pursues an activity as an employed person in one or more EEA EFTA States as well as in the United Kingdom”, or in “two or more EEA EFTA States (and not in the United Kingdom)”, shall refer to a person who simultaneously, or in alternation, for the same undertaking or employer or for various undertakings or employers, exercises one or more separate activities in such States.

(6) For the purposes of Article 15 (1) and (5) of this Convention, an employed flight crew or cabin crew member normally pursuing air passenger or freight services in two or more States shall be subject to the legislation of the State where the home base, as defined in Article 1 of this Convention, is located.

(7) Marginal activities shall be disregarded for the purposes of determining the applicable legislation under Article 15 of this Convention.

(8) Article 15 of this Annex shall apply to all cases under this Article.

(9) For the purposes of the application of Article 15(2) and (6) of this Convention, a person who “normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person” in “one or more EEA EFTA States as well as in the United Kingdom”, or in “two or more EEA EFTA States (and not in the United Kingdom)” respectively, shall refer, in particular, to a person who simultaneously or in alternation pursues one or more separate self-employed activities, irrespective of the nature of those activities, in such States.

(10) For the purposes of distinguishing the activities under paragraphs (5) and (9) of this Article from the situations described in Article 14(1) of this Convention, the duration of the activity in one or more States (whether it is permanent or of anad hocor temporary nature) shall be decisive. For these purposes, an overall assessment shall be made of all the relevant facts including, in particular, in the case of an employed person, the place of work as defined in the employment contract.

(11) For the purposes of the application of Article 15(1), (2), (5) and (6) of this Convention, a “substantial part of employed or self-employed activity” pursued in a State shall mean a quantitatively substantial part of all the activities of the employed or self-employed person pursued there, without this necessarily being the major part of those activities.

(12) To determine whether a substantial part of the activities is pursued in a State, the following indicative criteria shall be taken into account:

(a) in the case of an employed activity, the working time or the remuneration; and

(b) in the case of a self-employed activity, the turnover, working time, number of services rendered or income.

In the framework of an overall assessment, a share of less than 25% in respect of the criteria mentioned above shall be an indicator that a substantial part of the activities is not being pursued in the relevant State.

(13) For the purposes of the application of Article 15(2)(b) of this Convention, the “centre of interest” of the activities of a self-employed person shall be determined by taking account of all the aspects of that person’s occupational activities, notably the place where the person’s fixed and permanent place of business is located, the habitual nature or the duration of the activities pursued, the number of services rendered, and the intention of the person concerned as revealed by all the circumstances.

(14) For the determination of the applicable legislation under paragraphs (11), (12) and (13), the institutions concerned shall take into account the situation projected for the following 12 calendar months.

(15) If a person pursues their activity as an employed person in two or more States on behalf of an employer established outside the territory of the States, and if this person resides in a State without pursuing substantial activity there, they shall be subject to the legislation of the State of residence.

(1) Unless otherwise provided for by Article 15 of this Annex, where a person pursues their activity outside the competent State, the employer or, in the case of a person who does not pursue an activity as an employed person, the person concerned shall inform the competent institution of the State whose legislation is applicable thereof, whenever possible in advance. That institution shall issue the attestation referred to in Article 17(2) of this Annex to the person concerned and shall without delay make information concerning the legislation applicable to that person, pursuant to Article 13(3)(b) or Article 14 of this Convention, available to the institution designated by the competent authority of the State in which the activity is pursued.

(2) Paragraph (1) shall applymutatis mutandisto persons covered by Article 13(3)(c) of this Convention.

(3) An employer within the meaning of Article 13(4) of this Convention who has an employee on board a vessel flying the flag of another State shall inform the competent institution of the State whose legislation is applicable thereof whenever possible in advance. That institution shall, without delay, make information concerning the legislation applicable to the person concerned, pursuant to Article 13(4) of this Convention, available to the institution designated by the competent authority of the State whose flag, the vessel on which the employee is to perform the activity, is flying.

(1) A person who pursues activities in two or more States, or where Article 15(5) or (6) of this Convention applies, shall inform the institution designated by the competent authority of the State of residence thereof.

(2) The designated institution of the place of residence shall without delay determine the legislation applicable to the person concerned, having regard to Article 15 of this Convention and Article 13 of this Annex. That initial determination shall be provisional. The institution shall inform the designated institutions of each State in which an activity is pursued of its provisional determination.

(3) The provisional determination of the applicable legislation, as provided for in paragraph (2), shall become definitive within two months of the institutions designated by the competent authorities of the State(s) concerned being informed of it, in accordance with paragraph (2), unless the legislation has already been definitively determined on the basis of paragraph (4), or at least one of the institutions concerned informs the institution designated by the competent authority of the State of residence by the end of this two-month period that it cannot yet accept the determination or that it takes a different view on this.

(4) Where uncertainty about the determination of the applicable legislation requires contacts between the institutions or authorities of two or more States, at the request of one or more of the institutions designated by the competent authorities of the State(s) concerned, or of the competent authorities themselves, the legislation applicable to the person concerned shall be determined by common agreement, having regard to Article 15 of this Convention and Article 13 of this Annex.

Where there is a difference of views between the institutions or competent authorities concerned, those bodies shall seek agreement in accordance with the conditions set out above and Article 6 of this Annex shall apply.

(5) The competent institution of the State whose legislation is determined to be applicable either provisionally or definitively shall without delay inform the person concerned.

(6) If the person concerned fails to provide the information referred to in paragraph (1), this Article shall be applied at the initiative of the institution designated by the competent authority of the State of residence as soon as it is appraised of that person’s situation, possibly via another institution concerned.

A request by the employer or the person concerned for exceptions to Articles 13 to 17 of this Convention shall be submitted, whenever possible in advance, to the competent authority or the body designated by the authority of the State, whose legislation the employee or person concerned requests be applied.

(1) The competent institution of the State whose legislation becomes applicable pursuant to Title II of this Convention shall inform the person concerned and, where appropriate, their employer(s) of the obligations laid down in that legislation. It shall provide them with the necessary assistance to complete the formalities required by that legislation.

(2) At the request of the person concerned or of the employer, the competent institution of the State whose legislation is applicable pursuant to Title II of this Convention shall provide an attestation that such legislation is applicable and shall indicate, where appropriate, until what date and under what conditions.

(1) The relevant institutions shall communicate to the competent institution of the State whose legislation is applicable to a person pursuant to Title II of this Convention the necessary information required to establish the date on which that legislation becomes applicable and the contributions which that person and their employer(s) are liable to pay under that legislation.

(2) The competent institution of the State whose legislation becomes applicable to a person pursuant to Title II of this Convention shall make the information indicating the date on which the application of that legislation takes effect available to the institution designated by the competent authority of the State to whose legislation that person was last subject.

(1) Where there is doubt about the validity of a document showing the position of the person for the purposes of the applicable legislation or the accuracy of the facts on which the document is based, the institution of the State that receives the document shall ask the issuing institution for the necessary clarification and, where appropriate, the withdrawal or rectification of that document. The requesting institution shall substantiate its request and provide the relevant supporting documentation that gave rise to the request.

(2) When receiving such a request, the issuing institution shall reconsider the grounds for issuing the document and, where an error is detected, withdraw it or rectify it within 30 working days from the receipt of the request. The withdrawal or rectification shall have retroactive effect. However, in cases where there is a risk of disproportionate outcome, and in particular, of the loss of status as an insured person for the whole or part of the relevant period in the State(s) concerned, the States shall consider a more proportionate arrangement in such case. When the available evidence permits the issuing institution to find that the applicant of the document has committed fraud, it shall withdraw or rectify the document without delay and with retroactive effect.

(1) The competent authorities or institutions shall ensure that any necessary information is made available to insured persons regarding the procedures and conditions for the granting of benefits in kind where such benefits are received in the territory of a State other than that of the competent institution.

(2) Notwithstanding Article 9(a) of this Convention, a State may become responsible for the cost of benefits in accordance with Article 26 of this Convention only if, either the insured person has made a claim for a pension under the legislation of that State, or in accordance with Articles 27 to 33 of this Convention, they receive a pension under the legislation of that State.

(1) For the purposes of the application of Article 21 of this Convention, the insured person or members of that person’s family shall be obliged to register promptly with the institution of the place of residence. Their right to benefits in kind in the State of residence shall be certified by a document issued by the competent institution upon request of the insured person or upon request of the institution of the place of residence.

(2) The document referred to in paragraph (1) shall remain valid until the competent institution informs the institution of the place of residence of its cancellation.

The institution of the place of residence shall inform the competent institution of any registration under paragraph (1) and of any change or cancellation of that registration.

(3) This Article appliesmutatis mutandisto the persons referred to in Articles 26, 28, 29 and 30 of this Convention.

(4) Where a person or the members of that person’s family:

(a) have been issued with the document referred to in paragraph (1);

(b) have registered that document with the institution of the place of residence in accordance with paragraph (1); and

(c) a health fee has been paid by or on behalf of the person or members of their family to the State of residence as part of an application for a permit to enter, stay, work or reside in that State,

that person or members of that person’s family may apply to the institution of the State of residence for reimbursement (in whole or part, as the case may be) of the health fee paid.

(5) Where a claim is made in accordance with paragraph (1), the institution of the State of residence shall determine that claim within three calendar months, starting on the day the claim was received, and shall make any reimbursement of a health fee paid in accordance with the conditions in this Article.

(6) Where the period of validity of the document referred to in paragraph (1) is less than the period of time in respect of which the health fee has been paid, the amount reimbursed shall not exceed that portion of the health fee which corresponds to the period for which the document had been issued.

(7) Where the health fee was paid by another person on behalf of a person to whom this Article applies, reimbursement may be made to that other person.

(1) For the purposes of the application of Article 23 of this Convention, the insured person shall present to the health care provider in the State of stay an entitlement document issued by the competent institution indicating their entitlement to benefits in kind. If the insured person does not have such a document, the institution of the place of stay, upon request or if otherwise necessary, shall contact the competent institution in order to obtain one.

(2) That document shall indicate that the insured person is entitled to benefits in kind under the conditions laid down in Article 23 of this Convention on the same terms as those applicable to persons insured under the legislation of the State of stay, and shall satisfy the requirements in Appendix 1 of this Annex.

(3) The benefits in kind referred to in Article 23(1) of this Convention shall refer to the benefits in kind which are provided in the State of stay, in accordance with its legislation, and which become necessary on medical grounds with a view to preventing an insured person from being forced to return, before the end of the planned duration of stay, to the competent State to obtain the necessary treatment.

(4) If the insured person has actually borne the costs of all or part of the benefits in kind provided within the framework of Article 23 of this Convention and if the legislation applied by the institution of the place of stay enables reimbursement of those costs to an insured person, they may send an application for reimbursement to the institution of the place of stay. In that case, that institution shall reimburse directly to that person the amount of the costs corresponding to those benefits within the limits of and under the conditions of the reimbursement rates laid down in its legislation.

(5) If the reimbursement of such costs has not been requested directly from the institution of the place of stay, the costs incurred shall be reimbursed to the person concerned by the competent institution in accordance with the reimbursement rates administered by the institution of the place of stay or the amounts which would have been subject to reimbursement to the institution of the place of stay, if Article 46 of this Annex had applied in the case concerned.

The institution of the place of stay shall provide the competent institution, upon request, with all necessary information about these rates or amounts.

(6) By way of derogation from paragraph (5), the competent institution may undertake the reimbursement of the costs incurred within the limits of and under the conditions of the reimbursement rates laid down in its legislation, provided that the insured person has agreed to this provision being applied to them.

(7) If the legislation of the State of stay does not provide for reimbursement pursuant to paragraphs (4) and (5) in the case concerned, the competent institution may reimburse the costs within the limits of and under the conditions of the reimbursement rates laid down in its legislation, without the agreement of the insured person.

(8) The reimbursement to the insured person shall not, in any event, exceed the amount of costs actually incurred by them.

(9) In the case of substantial expenditure, the competent institution may pay the insured person an appropriate advance as soon as that person submits the application for reimbursement to it.

(10) Paragraphs (1) to (9) applymutatis mutandisto the members of the family of the insured person.

(11) Where a person:

(a) holds a valid entitlement document referred to in Appendix 1 of this Annex issued by the competent institution;

(b) has been accepted by a higher education institution in a State other than the competent State (“State of study”) to pursue a full-time course of study leading to a higher education qualification recognised by that State, including diplomas, certificates or doctoral degrees at a higher education institution, which may cover a preparatory course prior to such education, in accordance with national law, or compulsory training;

(c) does not exercise, or has not exercised, an activity as an employed or self-employed person in the State of study during the period to which the health fee relates; and

(d) a health fee has been paid by or on behalf of that person to the State of study as part of an application for a permit to enter, stay or reside for the purposes of pursuing a full-time course of study in that State;

that person may apply to the institution of the State of study for reimbursement (in whole or part, as the case may be) of the health fee paid.

(12) Where a claim is made in accordance with paragraph (11), the institution of the State of study shall process and settle that claim within a reasonable period but not later than three calendar months starting on the day the claim was received and make any reimbursement of a health fee paid in accordance with the conditions in this Article.

(13) Where the period of validity of the entitlement document referred to in paragraph (11)(a) is less than the period of time in respect of which the health fee has been paid, the amount of the health fee reimbursed shall be the amount paid which corresponds to the period of validity of that document.

(14) Where the health fee was paid by another person on behalf of a person to whom this Article applies, reimbursement may be made to that other person.

(15) Paragraphs (11) to (14) applymutatis mutandisto the members of the family of that person.

(16) By way of derogation from Article 8(1) of this Convention, charges may be imposed by the State of study in accordance with its national law in respect of benefits in kind that do not fulfil the criteria set out in Article 23(1)(a) of this Convention and which are provided to a person in respect of whom reimbursement has been made during that person’s stay for the period to which that reimbursement relates.

(1) For the purposes of the application of Article 24(1) of this Convention, the insured person shall present a document issued by the competent institution to the institution of the place of stay. For the purposes of this Article, the competent institution shall mean the institution which bears the cost of the scheduled treatment; in the cases referred to in Article 24(4) and Article 31(5) of this Convention, in which the benefits in kind provided in the State of residence are reimbursed on the basis of fixed amounts, the competent institution shall mean the institution of the place of residence.

(2) If an insured person does not reside in the competent State, they shall request authorisation from the institution of the place of residence, which shall forward it to the competent institution without delay.

In that event, the institution of the place of residence shall certify in a statement whether the conditions set out in the second sentence of Article 24(2) of this Convention are met in the State of residence.

The competent institution may refuse to grant the requested authorisation only if, in accordance with the assessment of the institution of the place of residence, the conditions set out in the second sentence of Article 24(2) of this Convention are not met in the State of residence of the insured person, or if the same treatment can be provided in the competent State itself, within a time-limit which is medically justifiable, taking into account the current state of health and the probable course of illness of the person concerned.

The competent institution shall inform the institution of the place of residence of its decision.

In the absence of a reply within the deadlines set by its national legislation, the authorisation shall be considered to have been granted by the competent institution.

(3) If an insured person who does not reside in the competent State is in need of urgent vitally necessary treatment, and the authorisation cannot be refused in accordance with the second sentence of Article 24(2) of this Convention, the authorisation shall be granted by the institution of the place of residence on behalf of the competent institution, which shall be immediately informed by the institution of the place of residence.

The competent institution shall accept the findings and the treatment options of the doctors approved by the institution of the place of residence that issues the authorisation, concerning the need for urgent vitally necessary treatment.

(4) At any time during the procedure granting the authorisation, the competent institution shall retain the right to have the insured person examined by a doctor of its own choice in the State of stay or residence.

(5) The institution of the place of stay shall, without prejudice to any decision regarding authorisation, inform the competent institution if it appears medically appropriate to supplement the treatment covered by the existing authorisation.

(6) Without prejudice to paragraph (7), Article 22(4) and (5) of this Annex applymutatis mutandis.

(7) If the insured person has actually borne all or part of the costs for the authorised medical treatment themselves and the costs which the competent institution is obliged to reimburse to the institution of the place of stay or to the insured person according to paragraph (6) (actual cost) are lower than the costs which it would have had to assume for the same treatment in the competent State (notional cost), the competent institution shall reimburse, upon request, the cost of treatment incurred by the insured person up to the amount by which the notional cost exceeds the actual cost. The reimbursed sum may not, however, exceed the costs actually incurred by the insured person and may take account of the amount which the insured person would have had to pay if the treatment had been delivered in the competent State.

(8) Where the national legislation of the competent institution provides for the reimbursement of the costs of travel and stay which are inseparable from the treatment of the insured person, such costs for the person concerned and, if necessary, for a person who must accompany them, shall be assumed by this institution when an authorisation is granted in the case of treatment in another State.

(9) Paragraphs (1) to (8) applymutatis mutandisto the members of the family of the insured person.

(1) If the legislation of the competent State requires that the insured person presents a certificate in order to be entitled to cash benefits relating to incapacity for work pursuant to Article 25(1) of this Convention, the insured person shall ask the doctor of the State of residence who established that person’s state of health to certify their incapacity for work and its probable duration.

(2) The insured person shall send the certificate to the competent institution within the time limit laid down by the legislation of the competent State.

(3) Where the doctors providing treatment in the State of residence do not issue certificates of incapacity for work, and where such certificates are required under the legislation of the competent State, the person concerned shall apply directly to the institution of the place of residence. That institution shall immediately arrange for a medical assessment of the person’s incapacity for work and for the certificate referred to in paragraph (1) to be drawn up. The certificate shall be forwarded to the competent institution forthwith.

(4) The forwarding of the document referred to in paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) shall not exempt the insured person from fulfilling the obligations provided for by the applicable legislation, in particular with regard to that person’s employer. Where appropriate, the employer or the competent institution may call upon the employee to participate in activities designed to promote and assist their return to employment.

(5) At the request of the competent institution, the institution of the place of residence shall carry out any necessary administrative checks or medical examinations of the person concerned in accordance with the legislation applied by this latter institution. The report of the examining doctor concerning, in particular, the probable duration of the incapacity for work, shall be forwarded without delay by the institution of the place of residence to the competent institution.

(6) The competent institution shall reserve the right to have the insured person examined by a doctor of its choice.

(7) Without prejudice to the second sentence of Article 25(1) of this Convention, the competent institution shall pay the cash benefits directly to the person concerned and shall, where necessary, inform the institution of the place of residence thereof.

(8) For the purposes of the application of Article 25(1) of this Convention, the particulars of the certificate of incapacity for work of an insured person drawn up in another State on the basis of the medical findings of the examining doctor or institution shall have the same legal value as a certificate drawn up in the competent State.

(9) If the competent institution refuses the cash benefits, it shall notify its decision to the insured person and at the same time to the institution of the place of residence.

(10) Paragraphs (1) to (9) applymutatis mutandiswhen the insured person stays in a State other than the competent State.

If a person receives a pension from more than one State, the amount of contributions deducted from all the pensions paid shall, under no circumstances, be greater than the amount deducted in respect of a person who receives the same amount of pension from the competent State.

(1) For the purposes of the application of Article 37 of this Convention, the procedures laid down in Articles 21 to 24 of this Annex applymutatis mutandis.

(2) When providing special benefits in kind in connection with accidents at work and occupational diseases under the national legislation of the State of stay or residence, the institution of that State shall without delay inform the competent institution.

(1) If an accident at work occurs or an occupational disease is diagnosed for the first time in a State other than the competent State, the declaration or notification of the accident at work or the occupational disease, where the declaration or notification exists under national legislation, shall be carried out in accordance with the legislation of the competent State, without prejudice, where appropriate, to any other applicable legal provisions in force in the State in which the accident at work occurred or in which the first medical diagnosis of the occupational disease was made, which remain applicable in such cases. The declaration or notification shall be addressed to the competent institution.

(2) The institution of the State in the territory of which the accident at work occurred or in which the occupational disease was first diagnosed, shall notify the competent institution of medical certificates drawn up in the territory of that State.

(3) Where, as a result of an accident while travelling to or from work which occurs in the territory of a State other than the competent State, an inquiry is necessary in the territory of the first State in order to determine any entitlement to relevant benefits, a person may be appointed for that purpose by the competent institution, which shall inform the authorities of that State. The institutions shall cooperate with each other in order to assess all relevant information and to consult the reports and any other documents relating to the accident.

(4) Following treatment, a detailed report accompanied by medical certificates relating to the permanent consequences of the accident or disease, in particular the injured person’s present state and the recovery or stabilisation of injuries, shall be sent upon request of the competent institution. The relevant fees shall be paid by the institution of the place of residence or of stay, where appropriate, at the rate applied by that institution to the charge of the competent institution.

(5) At the request of the institution of the place of residence or stay, where appropriate, the competent institution shall notify it of the decision setting the date for the recovery or stabilisation of injuries and, where appropriate, the decision concerning the granting of a pension.

(1) Where the competent institution disputes the application of the legislation relating to accidents at work or occupational diseases under Article 37(2) of this Convention, it shall without delay inform the institution of the place of residence or stay which provided the benefits in kind, which will then be considered as sickness insurance benefits.

(2) When a final decision has been taken on that subject, the competent institution shall, without delay, inform the institution of the place of residence or stay which provided the benefits in kind.

Where an accident at work or occupational disease is not established, benefits in kind shall continue to be provided as sickness benefits if the person concerned is entitled to them.

Where an accident at work or occupational disease is established, sickness benefits in kind provided to the person concerned shall be considered as accident at work or occupational disease benefits from the date on which the accident at work occurred or the occupational disease was first medically diagnosed.

(3) Article 6(6) of this Annex appliesmutatis mutandis.

(1) In the case referred to in Article 39 of this Convention, the declaration or notification of the occupational disease shall be sent to the competent institution for occupational diseases of the last State under the legislation of which the person concerned pursued an activity likely to cause that disease.

When the institution to which the declaration or notification was sent establishes that an activity likely to cause the occupational disease in question was last pursued under the legislation of another State, it shall send the declaration or notification and all accompanying certificates to the equivalent institution in that State.

(2) Where the institution of the last State under the legislation of which the person concerned pursued an activity likely to cause the occupational disease in question establishes that the person concerned or their survivors do not meet the requirements of that legislation,inter alia, because the person concerned had never pursued in that State an activity which caused the occupational disease or because that State does not recognise the occupational nature of the disease, that institution shall forward without delay the declaration or notification and all accompanying certificates, including the findings and reports of medical examinations performed by the first institution to the institution of the previous State under the legislation of which the person concerned pursued an activity likely to cause the occupational disease in question.

(3) Where appropriate, the institutions shall reiterate the procedure set out in paragraph (2) going back as far as the equivalent institution in the State under whose legislation the person concerned first pursued an activity likely to cause the occupational disease in question.

(1) In the event of an appeal against a decision to refuse benefits taken by the institution of a State under the legislation of which the person concerned pursued an activity likely to cause the occupational disease in question, that institution shall inform the institution to which the declaration or notification was sent, in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 29(2) of this Annex, and shall subsequently inform it when a final decision is reached.

(2) Where a person is entitled to benefits under the legislation applied by the institution to which the declaration or notification was sent, that institution shall make the advance payments, the amount of which shall be determined, where appropriate, after consulting the institution which made the decision against which the appeal was lodged, and in such a way that overpayments are avoided. The latter institution shall reimburse the advance payments made if, as a result of the appeal, it is obliged to provide those benefits. That amount will then be deducted from the benefits due to the person concerned, in accordance with the procedure provided for in Articles 55 and 56 of this Annex.

(3) Article 6(6) of this Annex appliesmutatis mutandis.

In the cases covered by Article 40 of this Convention, the claimant must provide the institution in the State from which they are claiming entitlement to benefits with details concerning benefits previously granted for the occupational disease in question. That institution may contact any other previously competent institution in order to obtain the information it considers necessary.

Where a previous or subsequent incapacity for work was caused by an accident which occurred when the person concerned was subject to the legislation of a State which makes no distinction according to the origin of the incapacity to work, the competent institution or the body designated by the competent authority of the State in question shall:

(a) upon request by the competent institution of another State, provide information concerning the degree of the previous or subsequent incapacity for work, and where possible, information making it possible to determine whether the incapacity is the result of an accident at work within the meaning of the legislation applied by the institution in another State;

(b) take into account the degree of incapacity caused by these previous or subsequent cases when determining the right to benefits and the amount, in accordance with the applicable legislation.

In order to receive a pension or supplementary allowance under the legislation of a State, the person concerned or their survivors residing in the territory of another State shall submit, where appropriate, a claim either to the competent institution or to the institution of the place of residence, which shall send it to the competent institution.

The claim shall contain the information required under the legislation applied by the competent institution.

For the purposes of Articles 43 and 44 of this Convention, the claim for death grants shall be sent either to the competent institution or to the institution of the claimant’s place of residence, which shall send it to the competent institution.

The claim shall contain the information required under the legislation applied by the competent institution.

(1) For the purposes of calculating the theoretical amount and the actual amount of the benefit in accordance with Article 51(1)(b) of this Convention, the rules provided for in Article 11(3) to (6) of this Annex apply.

(2) Where periods of voluntary or optional continued insurance have not been taken into account under Article 11(3) of this Annex, the institution of the State under whose legislation those periods were completed shall calculate the amount corresponding to those periods under the legislation it applies. The actual amount of the benefit, calculated in accordance with Article 51(1)(b) of this Convention, shall be increased by the amount corresponding to periods of voluntary or optional continued insurance.

(3) The institution of each State shall calculate, under the legislation it applies, the amount due corresponding to periods of voluntary or optional continued insurance which, under Article 52(3)(c) of this Convention, shall not be subject to another State’s rules relating to withdrawal, reduction or suspension.

Where the legislation applied by the competent institution does not allow it to determine this amount directly, on the grounds that that legislation allocates different values to insurance periods, a notional amount may be established. The Joint Administrative Committee shall lay down the detailed arrangements for the determination of that notional amount.

(1) The claimant shall submit a claim to the institution of their place of residence or to the institution of the last State whose legislation was applicable. If the person concerned was not, at any time, subject to the legislation applied by the institution of the place of residence, that institution shall forward the claim to the institution of the last State whose legislation was applicable.

(2) The date of submission of the claim shall apply in all the institutions concerned.

(3) By way of derogation from paragraph (2), if the claimant does not, despite having been asked to do so, notify the fact that they have been employed or has resided in other States, the date on which the claimant completes their initial claim or submits a new claim for their missing periods of employment or/and residence in a State shall be considered as the date of submission of the claim to the institution applying the legislation in question, subject to more favourable provisions of that legislation.

(1) The claim shall be submitted by the claimant in accordance with the provisions of the legislation applied by the institution referred to in Article 36(1) of this Annex and be accompanied by the supporting documents required by that legislation. In particular, the claimant shall supply all available relevant information and supporting documents relating to periods of insurance (institutions, identification numbers), employment (employers) or self-employment (nature and place of activity) and residence (addresses) which may have been completed under other legislation, as well as the length of those periods.

(2) Where, in accordance with Article 49(1) of this Convention, the claimant requests deferment of the award of old-age benefits under the legislation of one or more States, the claimant shall state that in their claim and specify under which legislation the deferment is requested. In order to enable the claimant to exercise that right, the institutions concerned shall, upon the request of the claimant, notify the claimant of all the information available to the institutions so that the claimant can assess the consequences of concurrent or successive awards of benefits which they might claim.

(3) Should the claimant withdraw a claim for benefits provided for under the legislation of a particular State, that withdrawal shall not be considered as a concurrent withdrawal of claims for benefits under the legislation of another State.

(1) The institution to which the claim for benefits is submitted or forwarded in accordance with Article 36(1) of this Annex shall be referred to hereinafter as the “contact institution”. The institution of the place of residence shall not be referred to as the contact institution if the person concerned has not, at any time, been subject to the legislation which that institution applies.

(2) In addition to investigating the claim for benefits under the legislation which it applies, that institution shall, in its capacity as contact institution, promote the exchange of data, the communication of decisions and the operations necessary for the investigation of the claim by the institutions concerned, and supply the claimant, upon request, with any information relevant to the aspects of the investigation which arise under this Convention, and keep the claimant informed of its progress.

(3) The contact institution shall, without delay, send claims for benefits and all the documents which it has available and, where appropriate, the relevant documents supplied by the claimant to all the institutions in question so that they can all start the investigation of the claim concurrently. The contact institution shall notify the other institutions of periods of insurance or residence subject to its legislation. It shall also indicate which documents shall be submitted at a later date and supplement the claim as soon as possible.

(4) Each of the institutions in question shall notify the contact institution and the other institutions in question, as soon as possible, of the periods of insurance or residence subject to their legislation.

(5) Each of the institutions in question shall calculate the amount of benefits in accordance with Article 51 of this Convention and shall notify the contact institution and the other institutions concerned of its decision, of the amount of benefits due and of any information required for the purposes of Articles 52 to 54 of this Convention.

(6) Should an institution establish, on the basis of the information referred to in paragraphs (2) and (3) of this Article, that Article 56(2) or (3) of this Convention is applicable, it shall inform the contact institution and the other institutions concerned.

Each institution shall notify the claimant of the decision it has taken in accordance with the applicable legislation. Each decision shall specify the remedies and periods allowed for appeals.

Each institution shall, in accordance with its legislation, have the possibility of having the claimant examined by a medical doctor or other expert of its choice to determine the degree of invalidity. However, the institution of a State shall take into consideration documents, medical reports and administrative information collected by the institution of any other State as if they had been drawn up in its own territory.

(1) Notwithstanding Article 7 of this Annex, any institution which establishes, while investigating a claim for benefits, that the claimant is entitled to an independent benefit under the applicable legislation, in accordance with Article 51(1)(a) of this Convention, shall pay that benefit without delay. That payment shall be considered provisional if the amount might be affected by the result of the claim investigation procedure.

(2) Whenever it is evident from the information available that the claimant is entitled to a payment from an institution under Article 51(1)(b) of this Convention, that institution shall make an advance payment, the amount of which shall be as close as possible to the amount which will probably be paid under Article 51(1)(b) of this Convention.

(3) Each institution which is obliged to pay the provisional benefits or advance payment under paragraph (1) or (2) shall inform the claimant without delay, specifically drawing the claimant’s attention to the provisional nature of the measure and any rights of appeal in accordance with its legislation.

(1) Where there is a new calculation of benefits in accordance with Article 49(4) and Article 57(1) of this Convention, Article 41 of this Annex shall applymutatis mutandis.

(2) Where there is a new calculation, withdrawal or suspension of the benefit, the institution which took the decision shall inform the person concerned without delay and shall inform each of the institutions in respect of which the person concerned has an entitlement.

(1) In order to facilitate and accelerate the investigation of claims and the payment of benefits, the institutions to whose legislation a person has been subject shall:

(a) exchange with or make available to institutions of other States the elements for identifying persons who change from one applicable national legislation to another, and together ensure that those identification elements are retained and correspond, or, failing that, provide those persons with the means to access their identification elements directly;

(b) sufficiently in advance of the minimum age for commencing pension rights or before an age to be determined by national legislation, exchange with or make available to the person concerned and to institutions of other States information (periods completed or other important elements) on the pension entitlements of persons who have changed from one applicable legislation to another or, failing that, inform those persons of, or provide them with, the means of familiarising themselves with their prospective benefit entitlement.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), the Joint Administrative Committee shall agree the elements of information to be exchanged or made available and shall establish the appropriate procedures and mechanisms, taking account of the characteristics, administrative and technical organisation, and the technological means at the disposal of national pension schemes. The Joint Administrative Committee shall ensure the implementation of those pension schemes by organising a follow-up to the measures taken and their application.

(3) For the purposes of paragraph (1), the institution in the first State where a person is allocated a Personal Identification Number (PIN) for the purposes of social security administration should be provided with the information referred to in this Article.

Without prejudice to Article 50 of this Convention, where national legislation includes rules for determining the institution responsible or the scheme applicable or for designating periods of insurance to a specific scheme, those rules shall be applied, taking into account only periods of insurance completed under the legislation of the State concerned.

(1) Article 11(1) of this Annex appliesmutatis mutandisto Article 58 of this Convention. Without prejudice to the underlying obligations of the institutions involved, the person concerned may submit to the competent institution a document issued by the institution of the State to whose legislation they were subject in respect of that person’s last activity as an employed or self-employed person specifying the periods completed under that legislation.

(2) For the purpose of applying Article 59 of this Convention, the competent institution of a State whose legislation provides that the calculation of benefits varies with the number of members of the family shall also take into account the members of the family of the person concerned residing in another State as if they resided in the competent State. This provision shall not apply where, in the State of residence of members of the family, another person is entitled to unemployment benefits calculated on the basis of the number of members of the family.

(1) For the purpose of applying Articles 36 and 42 of this Convention, the actual amount of the expenses for benefits in kind, as shown in the accounts of the institution that provided them, shall be reimbursed to that institution by the competent institution, except where Article 56 of this Annex is applicable.

(2) If any or part of the actual amount of the expenses for benefits referred to in paragraph (1) is not shown in the accounts of the institution that provided them, the amount to be refunded shall be determined on the basis of a lump-sum payment calculated from all the appropriate references obtained from the data available. The Joint Administrative Committee shall agree the bases to be used for calculation of the lump-sum payment and shall decide the amount thereof.

(3) Higher rates than those applicable to the benefits in kind provided to insured persons subject to the legislation applied by the institution providing the benefits referred to in paragraph (1) may not be taken into account in the reimbursement.

(1) The States referred to in Article 36(2) of this Convention, whose legal or administrative structures are such that the use of reimbursement on the basis of actual expenditure is not appropriate, are listed in Appendix 2 of this Annex.

(2) In the case of the States listed in Appendix 2 of this Annex, the amount of benefits in kind supplied to:

(a) family members who do not reside in the same State as the insured person, as provided for in Article 21 of this Convention; and to

(b) pensioners and members of their family, as provided for in Article 28(1), Article 29 and Article 30 of this Convention,

shall be reimbursed by the competent institutions to the institutions providing those benefits, on the basis of a fixed amount established for each calendar year. This fixed amount shall be as close as possible to actual expenditure.

(1) For each creditor State, the monthly fixed amount per person (Fi) for a calendar year shall be determined by dividing the annual average cost per person (Yi), broken down by age group (i), by 12 and by applying a reduction (X) to the result in accordance with the following formula:

Fi = Yi*1/12*(1-X)

Where:

- the index (i= 1, 2 and 3) represents the three age groups used for calculating the fixed amounts:

-i= 1: persons aged under 20,

-i= 2: persons aged from 20 to 64,

-i= 3: persons aged 65 and over,

-Yirepresents the annual average cost per person in age group i, as defined in paragraph (2),

- the coefficient X (0.20 or 0.15) represents the reduction as defined in paragraph (3).

(2) The annual average cost per person (Yi) in age groupishall be obtained by dividing the annual expenditure on all benefits in kind provided by the institutions of the creditor State to all persons in the age group concerned subject to its legislation and residing within its territory by the average number of persons concerned in that age group in the calendar year in question.

(3) The reduction to be applied to the monthly fixed amount shall, in principle, be equal to 20% (X= 0.20). It shall be equal to 15% (X= 0.15) for pensioners and members of their family where the competent State is not listed in Appendix 2 of this Annex.

(4) For each debtor State, the total fixed amount for a calendar year shall be the sum of the products obtained by multiplying, in each age groupi, the determined monthly fixed amounts per person by the number of months completed by the persons concerned in the creditor State in that age group.

The number of months completed by the persons concerned in the creditor State shall be the sum of the calendar months in a calendar year during which the persons concerned were, because of their residence in the territory of the creditor State, eligible to receive benefits in kind in that territory at the expense of the debtor State. Those months shall be determined from an inventory kept for that purpose by the institution of the place of residence, based on documentary evidence of the entitlement of the beneficiaries supplied by the competent institution.

(5) The Joint Administrative Committee may present a proposal containing any amendments which may prove necessary in order to ensure that the calculation of fixed amounts comes as close as possible to the actual expenditure incurred and the reductions referred to in paragraph (3) do not result in unbalanced payments or double payments for the States.

(6) The Joint Administrative Committee shall establish the methods for determining the elements for calculating the fixed amounts referred to in this Article.

The annual average cost per person in each age group for a specific year shall be notified to the Joint Administrative Committee at the latest by the end of the second year following the year in question. If the notification is not made by this deadline, the annual average cost per person which the Joint Administrative Committee has last determined for a previous year will be taken.

(1) Reimbursements between the States shall be made as promptly as possible. Every institution concerned shall be obliged to reimburse claims before the deadlines mentioned in this Section, as soon as it is in a position to do so. A dispute concerning a particular claim shall not hinder the reimbursement of another claim or other claims.

(2) The reimbursements between the institutions of the EEA EFTA States and the United Kingdom, provided for in Articles 36 and 42 of this Convention, shall be made via the liaison body. There may be a separate liaison body for reimbursements under Articles 36 and 42 of this Convention.

(1) Claims based on actual expenditure shall be introduced to the liaison body of the debtor State within 12 months of the end of the calendar half-year during which those claims were recorded in the accounts of the creditor institution.

(2) Claims for fixed amounts for a calendar year shall be introduced to the liaison body of the debtor State within the 12-month period following the month during which the average costs for the year concerned were approved by the Joint Administrative Committee. The inventories referred to in Article 48(4) of this Annex shall be presented by the end of the year following the reference year.

(3) In the case referred to in Article 6(6) of this Annex, the deadline set out in paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Article shall not start before the competent institution has been identified.

(4) Claims introduced after the deadlines specified in paragraphs (1) and (2) shall not be considered.

(5) The claims shall be paid to the liaison body of the creditor State referred to in Article 50 of this Annex by the debtor institution within 18 months of the end of the month during which they were introduced to the liaison body of the debtor State. This does not apply to the claims which the debtor institution has rejected for a relevant reason within that period.

(6) Any disputes concerning a claim shall be settled, at the latest, within 36 months following the month in which the claim was introduced.

(7) The Joint Administrative Committee shall facilitate the final closing of accounts in cases where a settlement cannot be reached within the period set out in paragraph (6), and, upon a reasoned request by one of the parties in the dispute, shall give its opinion on a dispute within six months following the month in which the matter was referred to it.

(1) From the end of the 18-month period set out in Article 51(5) of this Annex, interest can be charged by the creditor institution on outstanding claims, unless the debtor institution has made, within six months of the end of the month during which the claim was introduced, a down payment of at least 90% of the total claim introduced pursuant to Article 51(1) or (2) of this Annex. For those parts of the claim not covered by the down payment, interest may be charged only from the end of the 36-month period set out in Article 51(6) of this Annex.

(2) The interest shall be calculated on the basis of the reference rate agreed by the Joint Administrative Committee. The reference rate applicable shall be that in force on the first day of the month on which the payment is due.

(3) No liaison body shall be obliged to accept a down payment as provided for in paragraph (1). If however, a liaison body declines such an offer, the creditor institution shall no longer be entitled to charge interest on late payments related to the claims in question other than under the second sentence of paragraph (1).

The States shall notify each other of the amount of the claims introduced, settled or contested (creditor position) and the amount of claims received, settled or contested (debtor position).

For the purposes of applying Article 67 of this Convention and within the framework defined therein, the recovery of claims shall, wherever possible, be by way of offsetting either between the institutions of the States concerned, or vis-à-vis the natural or legal person concerned in accordance with Articles 55 to 57 of this Annex. If it is not possible to recover all or any of the claim via this offsetting procedure, the remainder of the amount due shall be recovered in accordance with Articles 58 to 68 of this Annex.

(1) If the institution of a State has paid undue benefits to a person, that institution may, within the terms and limits laid down in the legislation it applies, request the institution of the State responsible for paying benefits to the person concerned to deduct the undue amount from arrears or on-going payments owed to the person concerned regardless of the social security branch under which the benefit is paid. The institution of the latter State shall deduct the amount concerned subject to the conditions and limits applying to this kind of offsetting procedure in accordance with the legislation it applies in the same way as if it had made the overpayments itself, and shall transfer the amount deducted to the institution that has paid undue benefits.

(2) By way of derogation from paragraph (1), if, when awarding or reviewing benefits in respect of invalidity benefits, old-age and survivors’ pensions pursuant to Chapters 3 and 4 of Title III of this Convention, the institution of a State has paid to a person benefits of undue sum, that institution may request the institution of the State responsible for the payment of corresponding benefits to the person concerned to deduct the amount overpaid from the arrears payable to the person concerned. After the latter institution has informed the institution that has paid an undue sum of these arrears, the institution which has paid the undue sum shall within two months communicate the amount of the undue sum. If the institution which is due to pay arrears receives that communication within the deadline it shall transfer the amount deducted to the institution which has paid undue sums. If the deadline expires, that institution shall without delay pay out the arrears to the person concerned.

(3) If a person has received social welfare assistance in one State during a period in which they were entitled to benefits under the legislation of another State, the body which provided the assistance may, if it is legally entitled to reclaim the benefits due to the person concerned, request the institution of any other State responsible for paying benefits in favour of the person concerned to deduct the amount of assistance paid from the amounts which that State pays to the person concerned.

This provision appliesmutatis mutandisto any family member of a person concerned who has received assistance in the territory of a State during a period in which the insured person was entitled to benefits under the legislation of another State in respect of that family member.

The institution of a State which has paid an undue amount of assistance shall send a statement of the amount due to the institution of the other State, which shall then deduct the amount, subject to the conditions and limits laid down for this kind of offsetting procedure in accordance with the legislation it applies, and transfer the amount without delay to the institution that has paid the undue amount.

(1) For the purposes of applying Article 6 of this Annex, at the latest three months after the applicable legislation has been determined or the institution responsible for paying the benefits has been identified, the institution which provisionally paid the cash benefits shall draw up a statement of the amount provisionally paid and shall send it to the institution identified as being competent.

The institution identified as being competent for paying the benefits shall deduct the amount due in respect of the provisional payment from the arrears of the corresponding benefits it owes to the person concerned and shall without delay transfer the amount deducted to the institution which provisionally paid the cash benefits.

If the amount of provisionally paid benefits exceeds the amount of arrears, or if arrears do not exist, the institution identified as being competent shall deduct this amount from ongoing payments subject to the conditions and limits applying to this kind of offsetting procedure under the legislation it applies, and without delay transfer the amount deducted to the institution which provisionally paid the cash benefits.

(2) The institution which has provisionally received contributions from a legal or natural person shall not reimburse the amounts in question to the person who paid them until it has ascertained from the institution identified as being competent the sums due to it under Article 6(4) of this Annex.

Upon request of the institution identified as being competent, which shall be made at the latest three months after the applicable legislation has been determined, the institution that has provisionally received contributions shall transfer them to the institution identified as being competent for that period for the purpose of settling the situation concerning the contributions owed by the legal or natural person to it. The contributions transferred shall be retroactively deemed as having been paid to the institution identified as being competent.

If the amount of provisionally paid contributions exceeds the amount the legal or natural person owes to the institution identified as being competent, the institution which provisionally received contributions shall reimburse the amount in excess to the legal or natural person concerned.

No costs are payable where the debt is recovered via the offsetting procedure provided for in Articles 55 and 56 of this Annex.

(1) For the purposes of this Section:

(a) “ claim” means all claims relating to contributions or to benefits paid or provided unduly, including interest, fines, administrative penalties and all other charges and costs connected with the claim in accordance with the legislation of the State making the claim;

(b) “ applicant party” means, in respect of each State, any institution which makes a request for information, notification or recovery concerning a claim as defined above;

(c) “ requested party” means, in respect of each State, any institution to which a request for information, notification or recovery can be made.

(2) Requests and any related communications between the States shall, in general, be addressed via designated institutions.

(3) Practical implementation measures, including, among others, those related to Article 4 of this Annex and to setting a minimum threshold for the amounts for which a request for recovery can be made, shall be taken by the Joint Administrative Committee.

(1) At the request of the applicant party, the requested party shall provide any information which would be useful to the applicant party in the recovery of its claim.

(2) In order to obtain that information, the requested party shall make use of the powers provided for under the laws, regulations or administrative practices applying to the recovery of similar claims arising in its own State. The request for information from the applicant party shall indicate the name, last known address, and any other relevant information relating to the identification of the legal or natural person concerned to whom the information to be provided relates and the nature and amount of the claim in respect of which the request is made.

(3) The requested party shall not be obliged to supply information:

(a) which it would not be able to obtain for the purpose of recovering similar claims arising in its own territory;

(b) which would disclose any commercial, industrial or professional secrets; or

(c) the disclosure of which would be liable to prejudice the security of or be contrary to the public policy of a State.

(4) The requested party shall inform the applicant party of the grounds for refusing a request for information.

(1) The requested party shall, at the request of the applicant party, and in accordance with the rules in force for the notification of similar instruments or decisions in its own territory, notify the addressee of all instruments and decisions, including those of a judicial nature, which come from the State of the applicant party and which relate to a claim or to its recovery.

(2) The request for notification shall indicate the name, address and any other relevant information relating to the identification of the addressee concerned to which the applicant party normally has access, the nature and the subject of the instrument or decision to be notified and, if necessary the name, address and any other relevant information relating to the identification of the debtor and the claim to which the instrument or decision relates, and any other useful information.

(3) The requested party shall without delay inform the applicant party of the action taken on its request for notification and, particularly, of the date on which the decision or instrument was forwarded to the addressee.

(1) At the request of the applicant party, the requested party shall recover claims that are the subject of an instrument permitting enforcement issued by the applicant party to the extent permitted by and in accordance with the laws and administrative practices in force in the State of the requested party.

(2) The applicant party may only make a request for recovery if:

(a) it also provides to the requested party an official or certified copy of the instrument permitting enforcement of the claim in the State of the applicant party;

(b) the claim or instrument permitting its enforcement are not contested in its own State;

(c) it has, in its own State, applied appropriate recovery procedures available to it on the basis of the instrument referred to in paragraph (1), and the measures taken will not result in the payment in full of the claim;

(d) the period of limitation according to its own legislation has not expired.

(3) The request for recovery shall indicate:

(a) the name, address and any other relevant information relating to the identification of the natural or legal person concerned or to the identification of any third party holding that person’s assets;

(b) the name, address and any other relevant information relating to the identification of the applicant party;

(c) a reference to the instrument permitting its enforcement, issued in the State of the applicant party;

(d) the nature and amount of the claim, including the principal, interest, fines, administrative penalties and all other charges and costs due indicated in the currencies of the State(s) of the applicant and requested parties;

(e) the date of notification of the instrument to the addressee by the applicant party or by the requested party;

(f) the date from which and the period during which enforcement is possible under the laws in force in the State of the applicant party;

(g) any other relevant information.

(4) The request for recovery shall also contain a declaration by the applicant party confirming that the conditions laid down in paragraph (2) have been fulfilled.

(5) The applicant party shall forward to the requested party any relevant information relating to the matter which gave rise to the request for recovery, as soon as this comes to its knowledge.

(1) In accordance with Article 67(2) of this Convention, the instrument permitting enforcement of the claim shall be directly recognised and treated automatically as an instrument permitting the enforcement of a claim of the State of the requested party.

(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the instrument permitting enforcement of the claim may, where appropriate and in accordance with the provisions in force in the State of the requested party, be accepted as, recognised as, supplemented with, or replaced by an instrument authorising enforcement in the territory of that State.

(3) Within three months of the date of receipt of the request for recovery, the State(s) shall endeavour to complete the acceptance, recognition, supplementing or replacement, except in cases where paragraph (4) applies. States may not refuse to complete these actions where the instrument permitting enforcement is properly drawn up. The requested party shall inform the applicant party of the grounds for exceeding the three-month period.

(4) If any of these actions should give rise to a dispute in connection with the claim or the instrument permitting enforcement issued by the applicant party, Article 64 of this Annex shall apply.

(1) Claims shall be recovered in the currency of the State of the requested party. The entire amount of the claim that is recovered by the requested party shall be remitted by the requested party to the applicant party.

(2) The requested party may, where the laws, regulations or administrative provisions in force in its own State so permit, and after consulting the applicant party, allow the debtor time to pay or authorise payment by instalment. Any interest charged by the requested party in respect of such extra time to pay shall also be remitted to the applicant party.

(3) From the date on which the instrument permitting enforcement of the recovery of the claim has been directly recognised in accordance with Article 62(1) of this Annex or accepted, recognised, supplemented or replaced in accordance with Article 62(2) of this Annex, interest shall be charged for late payment under the laws, regulations and administrative provisions in force in the State of the requested party and shall also be remitted to the applicant party.

(1) If, in the course of the recovery procedure, the claim or the instrument permitting its enforcement issued in the State of the applicant party are contested by an interested party, the action shall be brought by this party before the appropriate authorities of the State of the applicant party, in accordance with the laws in force in that State. The applicant party shall without delay notify the requested party of this action. The interested party may also inform the requested party of the action.

(2) As soon as the requested party has received the notification or information referred to in paragraph (1) either from the applicant party or from the interested party, it shall suspend the enforcement procedure pending the decision of the appropriate authority in the matter, unless the applicant party requests otherwise in accordance with the second sub-paragraph of this paragraph. Should the requested party deem it necessary, and without prejudice to Article 67 of this Annex, it may take precautionary measures to guarantee recovery insofar as the laws or regulations in force in its own State allow such action for similar claims.

Notwithstanding the first sub-paragraph, the applicant party may, in accordance with the laws, regulations and administrative practices in force in its own State, request the requested party to recover a contested claim, insofar as the relevant laws, regulations and administrative practices in force in the requested party’s State allow such action. If the result of the contestation is subsequently favourable to the debtor, the applicant party shall be liable for the reimbursement of any sums recovered, together with any compensation due, in accordance with the legislation in force in the requested party’s State.

(3) Where the contestation concerns enforcement measures taken in the State of the requested party, the action shall be brought before the appropriate authority of that State in accordance with its laws and regulations.

(4) Where the appropriate authority before which the action is brought in accordance with paragraph (1) is a judicial or administrative tribunal, the decision of that tribunal, insofar as it is favourable to the applicant party and permits recovery of the claim in the State of the applicant party, shall constitute the “instrument permitting enforcement” within the meaning of Articles 61 and 62 of this Annex and the recovery of the claim shall proceed on the basis of that decision.

(1) The requested party shall not be obliged:

(a) to grant the assistance provided for in Articles 61 to 64 of this Annex, if recovery of the claim would, because of the situation of the debtor, create serious economic or social difficulties in the State of the requested party, insofar as the laws, regulations or administrative practices in force in the State of the requested party allow such action for similar national claims;

(b) to grant the assistance provided for in Articles 59 to 64 of this Annex, if the initial request under Articles 59 to 61 of this Annex applies to claims more than five years old, dating from the moment the instrument permitting the recovery was established in accordance with the laws, regulations or administrative practices in force in the State of the applicant party at the date of the request. However, if the claim or instrument is contested, the time limit begins from the moment that the State of the applicant party establishes that the claim or the enforcement order permitting recovery may no longer be contested.

(2) The requested party shall inform the applicant party of the grounds for refusing a request for assistance.

(1) Questions concerning periods of limitation shall be governed as follows:

(a) by the laws in force in the State of the applicant party, insofar as they concern the claim or the instrument permitting its enforcement; and

(b) by the laws in force in the State of the requested party, insofar as they concern enforcement measures in the requested State.

Periods of limitation according to the laws in force in the State of the requested party shall start from the date of direct recognition or from the date of acceptance, recognition, supplementing or replacement in accordance with Article 62 of this Annex.

(2) Steps taken in the recovery of claims by the requested party in pursuance of a request for assistance, which, if they had been carried out by the applicant party, would have had the effect of suspending or interrupting the period of limitation according to the laws in force in the State of the applicant party, shall be deemed to have been taken in the latter, insofar as that effect is concerned.

(1) Upon reasoned request by the applicant party, the requested party shall take precautionary measures to ensure recovery of a claim insofar as the laws and regulations in force in the State of the requested party so permit.

(2) For the purposes of implementing the first paragraph, the provisions and procedures laid down in Articles 61, 62, 64 and 65 of this Annex applymutatis mutandis.

(1) The requested party shall recover from the natural or legal person concerned and retain any costs linked to recovery which it incurs, in accordance with the laws and regulations of the State of the requested party that apply to similar claims.

(2) Mutual assistance afforded under this Section shall, as a rule, be free of charge. However, where recovery poses a specific problem or concerns a very large amount in costs, the applicant and the requested parties may agree on reimbursement arrangements specific to the cases in question.

(3) The State of the applicant party shall remain liable to the State of the requested party for any costs and any losses incurred as a result of actions held to be unfounded, as far as either the substance of the claim or the validity of the instrument issued by the applicant party is concerned.

(1) Without prejudice to other provisions, where a recipient or a claimant of benefits, or a member of that person’s family, is staying or residing within the territory of a State other than that in which the debtor institution is located, the medical examination shall be carried out, at the request of that institution, by the institution of the beneficiary’s place of stay or residence in accordance with the procedures laid down by the legislation applied by that institution.

The debtor institution shall inform the institution of the place of stay or residence of any special requirements, if necessary, to be followed and points to be covered by the medical examination.

(2) The institution of the place of stay or residence shall forward a report to the debtor institution that requested the medical examination. This institution shall be bound by the findings of the institution of the place of stay or residence.

The debtor institution shall reserve the right to have the beneficiary examined by a doctor of its choice. However, the beneficiary may be asked to return to the State of the debtor institution only if the beneficiary is able to make the journey without prejudice to that person’s health and the cost of travel and accommodation is paid for by the debtor institution.

(3) Where a recipient or a claimant of benefits, or a member of that person’s family, is staying or residing in the territory of a State other than that in which the debtor institution is located, the administrative check shall, at the request of the debtor institution, be performed by the institution of the beneficiary’s place of stay or residence.

Paragraph (2) shall also apply in this case.

(4) As an exception to the principle of free-of-charge mutual administrative cooperation in Article 60(3) of this Convention, the effective amount of the expenses of the checks referred to in this Article shall be refunded to the institution which was requested to carry them out by the debtor institution which requested them.

(1) The States shall notify the Joint Administrative Committee of the details of the bodies and entities defined in Article 1 of this Convention and of the institutions designated in accordance with this Annex.

(2) The bodies specified in paragraph (1) shall be provided with an electronic identity in the form of an identification code and electronic address.

(3) The Joint Administrative Committee shall agree the structure, content and detailed arrangements, including the common format and model, for notification of the details specified in paragraph (1).

(4) The States shall be responsible for keeping the information specified in paragraph (1) up to date.

For the purposes of this Convention and this Annex, the exchange rates between currencies shall be the reference rates published by the financial institution designated for this purpose by the Joint Administrative Committee. The date to be taken into account for determining the exchange rates shall be fixed by the Joint Administrative Committee.

The Joint Administrative Committee may adopt further guidance on the implementation of this Convention and of this Annex.

For an interim period, the end date of which shall be agreed by the Joint Administrative Committee, all forms and documents issued by the competent institutions in the format used immediately before this Convention comes into force shall be valid for the purposes of implementing this Convention and, where appropriate, shall continue to be used for the exchange of information between competent institutions. All such forms and documents issued before and during that interim period shall be valid until their expiry or cancellation.

1.  Entitlement documents valid for the purposes of Articles 23 and 31(1) of this Convention and Article 22 of this Annex shall contain the following data:

(a) surname and forename of the document holder;

(b) personal identification number of the document holder;

(c) date of birth of the document holder;

(d) expiry date of the document;

(e) the code “UK” in lieu of the ISO code of the United Kingdom, or the ISO code for the State in question, as the case may be;

(f) identification and acronym of the competent institution issuing the document;

(g) logical number of the document;

(h) in the case of a provisional document, the date of issue and date of delivery of the document, and the signature and stamp of the competent institution.

2.  The technical specifications of entitlement documents shall be agreed by the States through the Joint Administrative Committee in order to facilitate the acceptance of the respective documents by institutions of the States providing the benefits in kind.

NORWAY

UNITED KINGDOM

ICELAND

Additional social support for the elderly (Act No 74/2020 of 3 July 2020).

LIECHTENSTEIN

(a) Maternity allowances (Maternity Allowances Act of 25 November 1981 as amended);

(b) Supplementary benefits to the old-age, survivors’ and invalidity insurance (Supplementary Benefits to the Old-Age, Survivors’ and Invalidity Insurance Act of 10 December 1965 as amended).

NORWAY

(a) Guaranteed minimum benefits to persons who are born disabled or become disabled at an early age pursuant to Chapters 12, 17, 18, 19 and 20 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997;

(b) Special benefits in accordance with the Act of 29 April 2005 No. 21on supplementary allowance to persons with short periods of residence in Norway.

UNITED KINGDOM

(a) State Pension Credit (State Pension Credit Act 2002 and State Pension Credit Act (Northern Ireland) 2002);

(b) Income-based allowances for jobseekers (Jobseekers Act 1995 and Jobseekers (Northern Ireland) Order 1995);

(c) Disability Living Allowance, mobility component (Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 and Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992);

(d) Personal Independence Payment, mobility component (Welfare Reform Act 2012 (Part 4) and Welfare Reform (Northern Ireland) Order 2015 (Part 5));

(e) Employment and Support Allowance Income-related (Welfare Reform Act 2007 and Welfare Reform Act (Northern Ireland) 2007);

(f) Best Start Foods payment (Welfare Foods (Best Start Foods) (Scotland) Regulations 2019 ( SSI 2019/193));

(g) Best Start Grants (pregnancy and baby grant, early learning grant, school-age grant) (The Early Years Assistance (Best Start Grants) (Scotland) Regulations 2018 ( SSI 2018/370));

(h) Funeral Support Payment (Funeral Expense Assistance (Scotland) Regulations 2019 ( SSI 2019/292));

(i) Scottish Child Payment (The Scottish Child Payment Regulations 2020 ( SSI 2020/351));

(j) Child Disability Payment, mobility component (The Disability Assistance for Children and Young People (Scotland) Regulations 2021 ( SSI 2021/174)).

LIECHTENSTEIN

(a) Helpless allowance according to Art. 3bis of the Supplementary Benefits for Old-age, Survivors’ and Invalidity Insurance Act of 10 December 1965 as amended;

(b) Support and Care Allowance according to Art. 3octies of the Supplementary Benefits for Old-age, Survivors’ and Invalidity Insurance Act of 10 December 1965 as amended;

(c) Home care for pensioners with low income according to Art. 2 paragraph 4 lit. e and h of the Supplementary Benefits for Old-age, Survivors’ and Invalidity Insurance Act of 10 December 1965 as amended;

(d) Helpless allowance according to Art. 26 of the Compulsory Accident Insurance Act of 28 November 1989 as amended;

(e) Allowances for blind persons (Granting of Allowances for Blind Persons Act of 17 December 1970 as amended).

NORWAY

(a) Basic Benefit pursuant to Chapter 6 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997;

(b) Attendance Benefit pursuant to Chapter 6 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997;

(c) Care Benefit pursuant to Chapter 9 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997;

(d) Attendance Allowance pursuant to Chapter 9 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997;

(e) Training Allowance pursuant to Chapter 9 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997.

UNITED KINGDOM

(a) Attendance Allowance (Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992, Social Security (Attendance Allowance) Regulations 1991, Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 and Social Security (Attendance Allowance) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1992);

(b) Carer’s Allowance (Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992, The Social Security (Invalid Care Allowance) Regulations 1976, Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992) and The Social Security (Invalid Care Allowance) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1976;

(c) Disability Living Allowance, care component (Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992, Social Security (Disability Living Allowance) Regulations 1991, Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 and Social Security (Disability Living Allowance) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1992);

(d) Personal Independence Payment, daily living component (Welfare Reform Act 2012 (Part 4), Social Security (Personal Independence Payment) Regulations 2013, The Personal Independence Payment (Transitional Provisions) Regulations 2013, Personal Independence Payment (Transitional Provisions) (Amendment) Regulations 2019, Welfare Reform (Northern Ireland) Order 2015 (Part 5), The Personal Independence Payment Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2016, The Personal Independence Payment (Transitional Provisions) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2016 and Personal Independence Payment (Transitional Provisions) (Amendment) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2019;

(e) Carer’s Allowance Supplement (The Social Security (Scotland) Act 2018);

(f) Young Carer’s Grant (The Carer’s Assistance (Young Carer Grants) (Scotland) Regulations 2019 ( SSI 2019/324));

(g) Child Winter Heating Assistance (The Winter Heating Assistance for Children and Young People (Scotland) Regulations 2020 ( SSI 2020/352));

(h) Child Disability Payment, care component (The Disability Assistance for Children and Young People (Scotland) Regulations 2021 ( SSI 2021/174)).

ICELAND

None.

LIECHTENSTEIN

None.

NORWAY

None.

UNITED KINGDOM

Winter Fuel Payment (Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992, Social Fund Winter Fuel Payment Regulations 2000, Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 and Social Fund Winter Fuel Payment Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000).

ICELAND

NORWAY

UNITED KINGDOM

ICELAND

LIECHTENSTEIN

UNITED KINGDOM

ICELAND

All applications from the old-age scheme according to the Act on Social Security No 100/2007.

LIECHTENSTEIN

All applications for old-age, survivors’ and invalidity pensions under the basic scheme (Old-age and Survivors’ Insurance Act of 14 December 1952 as amended and Invalidity Insurance Act of 23 December 1959 as amended).

NORWAY

All applications for old-age pension.

UNITED KINGDOM

All applications for retirement pension, state pension pursuant to Part 1 of the Pensions Act 2014, widows’ and bereavement benefits, with the exception of those for which during a tax year beginning on or after 6 April 1975:

(i) the person concerned had completed periods of insurance, employment or residence under the legislation of the United Kingdom and another State; and one (or more) of the tax years was not considered a qualifying year within the meaning of the legislation of the United Kingdom;

(ii) the periods of insurance completed under the legislation in force in the United Kingdom for the periods prior to 5 July 1948 would be taken into account for the purposes of sub-paragraph (b) of Article 51(1) of this Convention by application of the periods of insurance, employment or residence under the legislation of another State.

All applications for additional pension pursuant to the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992, section 44, and the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992, section 44.

ICELAND

Old-age employment pension scheme.

LIECHTENSTEIN

None.

NORWAY

Old-age income pension pursuant to Chapter 20 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997 and supplementary benefits pursuant to Chapter 17 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997.

UNITED KINGDOM

Graduated retirement benefits paid pursuant to the National Insurance Act 1965, sections 36 and 37, and the National Insurance Act (Northern Ireland) 1966, sections 35 and 36.

1.  Benefits referred to in Article 53(2)(a) of this Convention, the amount of which is independent of the length of periods of insurance or residence completed.

ICELAND

Child pension in accordance with the Act on Social Security No 100/2007, and child pension in accordance with the Act on Mandatory Pension Insurance and on the Activities of Pension Funds No 129/1997.

LIECHTENSTEIN

None.

NORWAY

None.

UNITED KINGDOM

None.

2.  Benefits referred to in Article 53(2)(b) of this Convention, the amount of which is determined by reference to a credited period deemed to have been completed between the date on which the risk materialised and a later date.

ICELAND

None.

LIECHTENSTEIN

None.

NORWAY

None.

UNITED KINGDOM

None.

3.  Agreements referred to in Article 53(2)(b)(i) of this Convention intended to prevent the same credited period being taken into account two or more times.

ICELAND

None.

LIECHTENSTEIN

None.

NORWAY

None.

UNITED KINGDOM

None.

ICELAND

(1) (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 of this Convention, persons who have not been gainfully employed in one or more of the States are entitled to an Icelandic social pension only if they have been, or have previously been, permanent residents of Iceland for at least three years, subject to the age limits prescribed by Icelandic legislation.

(b) The above mentioned provisions do not apply to Icelandic social pension entitlement for the members of the family of persons who are or have been gainfully employed in Iceland, or for students or the members of their families.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 of this Convention, and paragraph 1(a) and (b) of this Annex, entitlement to invalidity pension according to the Act on Social Security No. 100/2007 shall under this Convention only arise when a person has completed Icelandic periods of insurance totalling at least one year at the time of the materialisation of the risk.

LIECHTENSTEIN

Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 of this Convention, entitlement to invalidity pensions under the basic scheme according to the Invalidity Insurance Act of 23 December 1959 under this Convention shall only arise when a person has completed periods of insurance in Liechtenstein totalling at least one year at the time of the materialisation of the risk.

NORWAY

(1) The transitional provisions of the Norwegian legislation entailing a reduction of the insurance period which is required for a full supplementary pension for persons born before 1937 shall be applicable to persons covered by the Convention provided that they have been residents of Norway, or engaged in gainful occupation as employed or self-employed in Norway, for such a number of years as is required after their sixteenth birthday and before 1 January 1967. This requirement shall be one year for each year the person’s year of birth falls before 1937.

(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 of this Convention and paragraph 3(a) and (b) of this Annex, entitlement to Disability Benefit pursuant to Chapter 12 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997 shall under this Convention only arise when a person has completed Norwegian periods of insurance totalling at least one year at the time of the materialisation of the risk.

(3) (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 of this Convention, persons who have not been gainfully employed in one or more States are entitled to a Norwegian social pension only if they have been, or have previously been, permanent residents of Norway for at least five years at the time of the materialisation of the risk, subject to the age limits prescribed by Norwegian legislation.

(b) The above mentioned provisions do not apply to Norwegian social pension entitlement for the members of the family of persons who are or have been gainfully employed in Norway, or for students or the members of their families.

(4) Article 11(a), Article 25(1) and Article 32 of this Convention shall not apply to Work Assessment Allowance pursuant to Chapter 11 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997.

(5) Article 11(a) of this Convention shall not apply to Birth Allowance in case of delivery at home pursuant to Section 5-13 of the National Insurance Act of 28 February 1997.

(6) Article 11(a) of this Convention shall not apply to benefits provided under the special provisions concerning benefits to refugees. These benefits shall be provided only on the conditions specified in the legislation of Norway.

UNITED KINGDOM

(1) Where, in accordance with United Kingdom legislation, a person may be entitled to a retirement pension if:

(a) the contributions of a former spouse are taken into account as if they were that person’s own contributions; or

(b) the relevant contribution conditions are satisfied by that person’s spouse or former spouse, then provided, in each case, that the spouse or former spouse is or had been exercising an activity as an employed or self-employed person, and had been subject to the legislation of two or more States, the provisions of Chapter 5 of Title III of this Convention shall apply in order to determine entitlement under United Kingdom legislation. In that case, references in Articles 49 to 57 of this Convention to “ periods of insurance” shall be construed as references to periods of insurance completed by:

(i) a spouse or former spouse where a claim is made by:

- a married woman, or

- a person whose marriage has terminated otherwise than by the death of the spouse; or

(ii) a former spouse, where a claim is made by:

- a widower who immediately before pensionable age is not entitled to a widowed parent’s allowance, or

- a widow who immediately before pensionable age is not entitled to a widowed mother’s allowance, widowed parent’s allowance or widow’s pension, or who is only entitled to an age-related widow’s pension calculated pursuant to Article 51(1)(b) of this Convention, and for this purpose ‘age related widow’s pension’ means a widow’s pension payable at a reduced rate in accordance with section 39(4) of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992.

(2) For the purposes of Article 11 of this Convention in the case of old-age or survivors’ cash benefits, pensions for accidents at work or occupational diseases and death grants, any beneficiary under United Kingdom legislation who is staying in the territory of another State shall, during that stay, be considered as if they resided in the territory of that other State.

(3) (a) For the purpose of calculating an earnings factor in order to determine entitlement to benefits under United Kingdom legislation, for each week of activity as an employed person under the legislation of another State, and which commenced during the relevant income tax year within the meaning of United Kingdom legislation, the person concerned shall be deemed to have paid contributions as an employed earner, or have earnings on which contributions have been paid, on the basis of earnings equivalent to two-thirds of that year’s upper earnings limit.

(b) For the purposes of Article 51(1)(b) of this Convention, where:

(i) in any income tax year starting on or after 6 April 1975, a person carrying out activity as an employed person has completed periods of insurance, employment or residence exclusively in another State, and the application of paragraph (3)(a) results in that year being counted as a qualifying year within the meaning of United Kingdom legislation for the purposes of Article 51(1)(b)(i) of this Convention, they shall be deemed to have been insured for 52 weeks in that year in that other State;

(ii) any income tax year starting on or after 6 April 1975 does not count as a qualifying year within the meaning of United Kingdom legislation for the purposes of Article 51(1)(b)(i) of this Convention, any periods of insurance, employment or residence completed in that year shall be disregarded.

(c) For the purpose of converting an earnings factor into periods of insurance, the earnings factor achieved in the relevant income tax year within the meaning of United Kingdom legislation shall be divided by that year’s lower earnings limit. The result shall be expressed as a whole number, any remaining fraction being ignored. The figure so calculated shall be treated as representing the number of weeks of insurance completed under United Kingdom legislation during that year, provided that such figure shall not exceed the number of weeks during which in that year the person was subject to that legislation.

(d) Where receipt of Widowed Parent’s Allowance or Bereavement Support Payment (higher rate) is contingent on entitlement to UK Child Benefit, a person meeting all other eligibility criteria, and who would be eligible to receive UK Child Benefit if they, or the relevant child, were resident in the UK, will not be prevented from claiming Widowed Parent’s Allowance or Bereavement Support Payment (higher rate) in accordance with this Convention, notwithstanding the fact that UK Child Benefit is excluded from the material scope of this Convention under Article 6(5)(g).

EXPLANATORY NOTE

(This note is not part of the Order)

This Order makes provision for the modification of certain social security legislation, so as to give effect to the Convention on Social Security Coordination between Iceland, the Principality of Liechtenstein, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, signed at London on 30th June 2023 (“ the Convention”).

This Order also varies the Social Security (Iceland) Order 1985 ( S.I. 1985/1202) and the Social Security (Norway) Order 1991 ( S.I. 1991/767) in accordance with Article 78 (Relationship with pre-existing Social Security Coordination Agreements) of the Convention, so far as they relate to England, Wales and Scotland.

It also removes some unnecessary wording in Article 2(3) of the Social Security (Norway) Order 2020 ( S.I. 2020/1597) and Article 2(3) of the Social Security (Switzerland) Order 2021 ( S.I. 2021/1088) respectively and corrects an error in Article 2(4) of each of those Orders. These amendments come into force on the day after the Order is made. This Order is being issued free of charge to all know recipients of those Orders.

Articles 2 and 3 of this Order have effect from the date on which the Convention enters into force in accordance with Article 74 (Entry into force) of the Convention. Article 74 provides that the States shall notify the Depositary in writing of completion of their respective internal requirements and procedures for entry into force of the Convention. The Convention shall enter into force in relation to those States which have notified the Depositary, on the first day of the month following the later of the dates on which the Depositary receives the notifications of a least one EEA EFTA State and the United Kingdom. Where an EEA EFTA State notifies the Depositary after this date, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the date on which the Depositary receives that State’s notification.

This Order does not impose any costs on business, charities or the voluntary sector. A Tax Information and Impact Note has not been prepared for this instrument as it gives effect to previously announced policy.